横断山脉亚高山高山栎根系可培养真菌的多样性研究  

Diversity of Endophytic Fungi from the Roots of Alpine Quercus in Subalpine Regions of Hengduan Mountains

作　　者：李鸿博 马莉 黄耀华 康定旭 伍建榕[2] 马焕成[1] 陈诗[1] LI Hong-bo;MA Li;HUANG Yao-hua;KANG Ding-xu;WU Jian-rong;MA Huan-cheng;CHEN Shi(Key Laboratory of Southwest Regional Biodiversity Conservation,National Forestry and Grassland Administration,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming,Yunnan 650224,China;Key Laboratory of Forest Disaster Warning and Control in Yunnan Universities,School of Biodiversity Conservation,Southwest Forestry University,Kunming 650224,China)

机构地区：[1]西南林业大学西南地区生物多样性保育国家林业和草原局重点实验室,云南昆明650224 [2]云南省高校森林灾害预警控制重点实验室,西南林业大学生物多样性保护学院,云南昆明650224

出　　处：《林业科学研究》2022年第6期118-126,共9页Forest Research

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31860208,31560207)国家重点研发计划(编号:2019YFD100200X)资助;西南林业大学木棉纤维人工林产业化培育省创新团队(2018HC014)资助;云南教育厅科学研究基金产业化培育项目(2016CYH14)资助;云南省“云岭名师”培育项目资助。

摘　　要：[目的]了解横断山脉亚高山高山栎根系可培养真菌组成及多样性。[方法]以该地区3种高山栎根系为材料,利用根系浸泡染色方法观察根系内真菌共生状况,并对根内真菌进行分离和纯化,结合形态学与分子生物学的方法对其种类进行鉴定。[结果]根系染色可发现大量暗色有隔真菌和AMF丛枝结构,共鉴定出17科20属27种真菌,发现1种外生菌根真菌Ceratobasidiaceae(GSL1-7),4种暗色有隔真菌(DSE)Boeremia exigua var.exigua(GSL1-F)、Phoma herbarum(GSL20-A)、Phialophora mustea(GSL2-2,GSL2-9)、Paraboeremia putaminum(GSL4-F,GSL20-B),以及2种有促生作用的真菌Pseudogymnoascus roseus(GSL4-1-A,GSL4-2)和Trichoderma tomentosum(GSL80-D)。α多样性分析发现,3种高山栎根系内生真菌多样性丰富,但差异不显著。4种DSE和3种植物促生真菌在根系中占比可达31.3%。[结论]该类益生真菌对高山栎在横断山脉恶劣环境条件下的适应性生长发挥重要作用。本研究结果初步为阐明横断山脉地区高山栎的生态适应性机制提供了理论依据,同时为开发利用促生菌在高山栎育苗中的应用提供了活体菌种资源。[Objective]To understand the root endophytic fungal composition and diversity of alpine oaks in the Hengduan Mountains.[Methods]The root samples of three alpine oak species were collected.The fungal symbiosis within the root system was observed using the root immersion staining method,and the endophytic fungus were isolated and purified.These fungi species were identified by combining morphological and molecular biological methods.[Results]Numerous DSE fungi and AMF clumped structures were found in these oak roots samples.A total of 27 fungal species in 20 genera of 17 families were identified.one family of ectomycorrhizal fungus uncultured Ceratobasidiaceae(GSL1-7),four species of dark septate endophytes(DSE)Boeremia exigua var.exigua.Phialophora mustea(GSL2-2,GSL2-9),Paraboeremia putaminum(GSL4-F,GSL20-B),and two clearly reported plant growth-promoting fungi Pseudogymnoascus roseus(GSL4-1-A,GSL4-2)and Trichoderma tomentosum(GSL80-D)were also found.The consequence ofα-diversity measurement indicated that diversity of culturable fungi in the root systems of three species of alpine oak was rich but not significantly different.Four species of DSE and three species of plant-promoting fungi accounted for 31.3%in the root system.[Conclusion]These fungi play an important role in the adaptive growth of alpine oak under the harsh environmental conditions in the Hengduan Mountains.The results of this paper provide a preliminary theoretical basis for elucidating the ecological adaptive mechanism of alpine oak in the Hengduan Mountains region,and provide a living strain resource for developing the use of probiotic fungi in alpine oak seedlings.

关 键 词：高山栎 根系内可培养真菌 物种多样性 形态与分子鉴定 

分 类 号：S718.81[农业科学—林学]