船用5083铝合金MIG焊工艺适应性及组织性能分析  

Analysis of Adaptability, Microstructure and Properties of MIG Welding Process of 5083 Aluminum Alloy for Ship

作　　者：孙桂阳 王雷 邵丹丹 张亮 李武凯 夏希玮 SUN Guiyang;WANG Lei;SHAO Danan;ZHANG Liang;LI Wukai;XIA Xiwei(CSSC Huangpu Wenchong Ship Building Company Limited,Gruangzhou 510715,China;China Classification Society Guangzhou Branch,Guangzhou 510235,China)

机构地区：[1]中船黄埔文冲船舶有限公司,广东广州510715 [2]中国船级社广州分社,广东广州510220

出　　处：《电焊机》2022年第11期75-81,共7页Electric Welding Machine

摘　　要：为获得符合中国船级社要求的铝合金焊接接头,选用ER5356铝合金焊丝进行5083铝合金MIG焊对接试验。采用微观金相观察及力学性能测试等方法对6 mm厚焊接接头进行了焊接间隙和错边适应性研究,以获得5083铝合金MIG焊对母材间隙和错边的适应窗口区,同时对焊接接头力学性能和微观组织进行分析。结果表明,在板厚6 mm的情况下,铝合金MIG焊对对接间隙的容忍性较强,达到母材厚度的66.6%,对于错边量的容忍性可达母材厚度的50%;焊缝区组织均匀细小,主要由α-Al相和β-Al3Mg2相组成,热影响区组织相较焊缝区有一定的粗化;焊接接头的平均抗拉强度为263.5 MPa,达到母材的94.1%,并具有良好的抗弯曲性能,焊接接头熔合线处硬度值最低,为70 HV,满足船级社的标准要求。In order to obtain aluminum alloy welded joints that meet the requirements of China Classification Society, this paper selects ER5356 aluminum alloy welding wire for 5083 aluminum alloy MIG welding butt test. The welding gap and misalignment adaptability of 6 mm thick welded joints were studied by means of microscopic metallographic observation and mechanical property test. The gap and misalignment adaptation window area of 5083 aluminum alloy MIG welding to base metal were obtained, and the mechanical properties and microstructure of welded joints were analyzed. The results show that the tolerance of the butt gap of aluminum alloy MIG welding is strong, reaching 66.6 % of the thickness of the base metal, and the tolerance of the butt error variable of the base metal can reach 50 % of the thickness of the base metal.The microstructure of the weld zone is uniform and fine, mainly composed of α-Al phase and β-Al3Mg2phase, and the microstructure of the heat affected zone is coarser than that of the weld zone. The average tensile strength of the welded joint is263.5 MPa, reaching 94.1 % of the base metal, and has good bending resistance. The hardness value of the fusion line of the welded joint is the lowest, which is 70 HV, meet the requirement of China Classfication Society.

关 键 词：5083铝合金 MIG焊 工艺适应性 显微组织 力学性能 

分 类 号：TG457.14[金属学及工艺—焊接]