蒸汽干度及过剩空气系数控制技术  

Control technology of dryness fraction and excess air coefficient

作　　者：杨立华[1] 张伟[1] 蔡军 吕洪超 邓治家 YANG Lihua;ZHANG Wei;CAI Jun;LYU Hongchao;DENG Zhijia(Shuguang Oil Production Plant of Liaohe Oilfield Company;Special Oil Company of Liaohe Oilfield Company;Jinhai Oil Production Plant of Liaohe Oilfield)

机构地区：[1]辽河油田公司曙光采油厂,124109 [2]辽河油田公司特油公司 [3]辽河油田金海采油厂

出　　处：《石油石化节能》2022年第11期24-29,共6页Energy Conservation in Petroleum & PetroChemical Industry

摘　　要：注汽锅炉是稠油热采的专用设备,蒸汽干度及过剩空气系数是注汽锅炉关键的质量、节能指标,也是保障锅炉安全运行的重要控制参数。通过分析影响蒸汽干度的因素,监控天然气、燃油流量与蒸汽输出量,结合在线蒸汽干度自动测试及控制技术手段,实现了注汽锅炉蒸汽干度的自动控制。通过烟气连续监测,调节鼓风机频率,控制炉膛进风量,形成火量、风量、氧量闭环控制,实现了锅炉燃料量、进风量精确配比,过剩空气系数的精确控制。现场应用可将注汽锅炉过剩空气系数控制在1.15以下,锅炉热效率可提高2%,燃料消耗下降2%以上,有效提升了锅炉蒸汽质量、运行稳定性和安全性,实现了提质增效的目的。The steam injection boiler is a special equipment for heavy oil thermal recovery.The dryness fraction and excess air coefficient are not only the key quality and energy-saving indexes of steam injection boiler,but also the important control parameters to ensure the safe operation of the boiler.The automatic control of dryness fraction is realized by analyzing the factors affecting dryness fraction,monitoring the natural gas,fuel flow and steam output and combining the automatic test of online dryness fraction and control technology.Through continuous monitoring of flue gas,adjusting the frequency of blower,controlling the air volume of furnace and forming closed-loop control of fire volume,air volume and oxygen volume,the accurate ratio of boiler fuel,air intake and the accurate control of excess air coefficient are realized.The field application shows that the excess air coefficient of the steam injection boiler can be controlled below 1.15,the thermal efficiency of the boiler can be increased by 2%and the fuel consumption can be reduced by more than 2%,which effectively improves the steam quality,operation stability and safety of the boiler and achieves the purpose of improving quality and efficiency.

关 键 词：注汽锅炉 蒸汽干度 过剩空气系数 自动控制 热效率 

分 类 号：TE934.4[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]