抽汲防喷盒利用气源环保处理装置  

Gas source environmental protection treatment device for swabbing blowout preventer

作　　者：谭文波[1] 张小亮 赵增权 唐建军[1] 吴占关 TAN Wenbo;ZHANG Xiaoliang;ZHAO Zengquan;TANG Jianjun;WU Zhanguan(Oil Testing Company of Western Drilling Engineering Co.,Ltd.)

机构地区：[1]西部钻探工程有限公司试油公司

出　　处：《石油石化节能》2022年第11期49-52,共4页Energy Conservation in Petroleum & PetroChemical Industry

摘　　要：抽汲是油气勘探开发,试油中降液诱喷的一种。作业上提抽子时,液体随抽汲钢丝绳的快速上行运动,一起排出井口。目前各油田使用的气压、液压原理及多级密封的防喷盒,对防喷盒胶皮加压力对抽汲钢丝绳完成动态密封,密封效果较前几年提高了很多。但随着新环保法的出台,目前各类防喷盒装置的密封效果不能完全满足环保要求,即杜绝一滴原油落地的污染。团队通过咨询过多家油田设计了一种新型抽汲防喷盒,利用抽汲车气源,在扶正轮下部,安装的两个对称的气嘴,对刚离开密封系统的抽汲钢丝绳进行吹扫,达到环保要求。新型抽汲防喷装置在新疆油田、吐哈油田推广应用实验30余井次,起到杜绝环境污染的效果,几年来得以广泛应用。在青海油田花土沟选择稠油、超稠油井(切XX井、牛XX井、冷XX井)相继进行实验,发现稠油清除效果欠佳。故而后期还需在此基础上进一步改进,如改变抽汲钢丝绳表面、或利用电缆带压作业防喷阻流管的原理等,真正达到各种工况抽汲作业的环保要求。The swabbing is a kind of falling liquid induced blowout in oil and gas exploration and development.During the operation of pumping,the liquid is discharged from the wellhead together with the rapid upward movement of the swabbing wire rope.At present,air pressure,hydraulic principle and multi-stage sealing blowout prevention box are used in every oilfield,and the rubber skin of blowout preventer is pressurized to finish dynamic sealing of swabbing wire rope.The sealing effect is much higher than that of previous years.But with the introduction of the new environmental protection law,the sealing effect of various types of blowout preventer can not fully meet the environmental requirements that eliminate a drop of crude oil landing pollution.After consulting with many oilfields,the team designed a new type of swabbing blowout preventer.Using the swabbing vehicle's gas source,two symmetrical gas nozzles were installed at the lower part of rotary to blow the swabbing wire rope and meet environmental requirements.The new swabbing blowout preventer was applied in more than 30 wells in Xinjiang and Tuha oilfields,which has achieved the effect of eliminating environmental pollution and has been widely used in recent years.But the method was used to select heavy oil and super heavy oil wells in the Huatugou of Qinghai oilfield such as QieXX well,NIUXX well and cold XX well,causing unsatisfactory heavy oil removal effect.Thus,in the later stage,it needs further improvement such as changing the surface of swabbing wire rope,or using the Principle of cable pressure operation blowout preventer to meet the environmental requirements of various working conditions suction operation.

关 键 词：抽汲 防喷盒 抽汲钢丝绳 气嘴 

分 类 号：TE932[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备]