“能耗双控”到“碳双控”:挑战与对策  

From “the Amount and Intensity Control of Energy Consumption” to “the Amount and Intensity Control of Carbon Emission”: Challenge and Strategy

作　　者：宣晓伟[1] XUAN Xiao-wei(Development Research Center of the State Council,Beijing 100010,China)

机构地区：[1]国务院发展研究中心,100010

出　　处：《城市与环境研究》2022年第3期42-55,共14页Urban and Environmental Studies

摘　　要：2021年中央经济工作会议提出要“创造条件尽早实现能耗双控向碳排放总量和强度双控转变”。当前我国要实现“能耗双控”向“碳双控”的转变仍面临着一系列的挑战,例如:“碳双控”政策能否延续“能耗双控”政策的做法;中央和地方如何确定“碳双控”的目标和责任;“碳双控”政策和“能耗双控”政策的相关机构和人员如何实现有效配合;“碳双控”政策如何衔接“碳交易”“碳税”等市场手段;“碳双控”政策如何应对国外的气候政策等。由“计划主导”向“市场主导”转变是尽早实现“能耗双控”向“碳双控”转变的总体思路,具体措施包括:一要积极扩大全国性碳交易市场的范围和作用;二要发挥“碳税”“碳标准”等手段的作用;三要完善“碳双控”政策的机构和职能设置;四要构建激励相容的环境,有效激发各地开展“碳双控”工作的积极性。The Chinese central government has proposed to “create conditions for an early transition from ‘the amount and intensity control of energy consumption’ to ‘the amount and intensity control of carbon emission’”.There are still a series of challenges to realize this transition. For example, whether “the amount and intensity control of carbon emission” can continue the methodology of “the amount and intensity control of energy consumption”;how to set the goals and responsibilities between the central government and local governments;how the relevant institutions of energy policy and carbon policy can achieve effective integration;how to link carbon control policy with carbon trading, carbon tax and other market means;how to coordinate the carbon control policy with foreign carbon measures, etc. The transformation from “plan-led” mechanism to “market-led” mechanism is the key strategy to realize the transition from “the amount and intensity control of energy consumption” to “the amount and intensity control of carbon emission” as soon as possible. The specific measures include: the scope and role of the national carbon trading market should be expanded actively;the role of “carbon tax” and “carbon standard” need to be strengthened;the carbon policy institutions and functions need to be improved;an incentive-compatible environment should be created to motivate local governments effectively to carry out “the amount and intensity control of carbon emission” work.

关 键 词：能耗双控 碳双控 计划主导 市场主导 

分 类 号：F01[经济管理—政治经济学]