力学超材料研究进展与减振降噪应用  

Review on research progress of mechanical metamaterials and their applications in vibration and noise control

作　　者：尹剑飞 蔡力[1,2] 方鑫 肖勇[1,2] 杨海滨 张弘佳 钟杰 赵宏刚[1,2] 郁殿龙[1,2] 温激鸿[1,2] YIN Jianfei;CAI Li;FANG Xin;XIAO Yong;YANG Haibin;ZHANG Hongjia;ZHONG Jie;ZHAO Honggang;YU Dianlong;WEN Jihong(Laboratory of Science and Technology on Integrated Logistics Support,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China;College of Intelligence Science and Technology,National University of Defense Technology,Changsha 410073,China)

机构地区：[1]国防科技大学装备综合保障技术重点实验室,长沙410073 [2]国防科技大学智能科学学院,长沙410073

出　　处：《力学进展》2022年第3期508-586,共79页Advances in Mechanics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(11991030,11991032,11991034,11872371);湖南省科技创新领军人才项目(2022RC4022)资助项目。

摘　　要：力学超材料是一类由人工微结构单元构筑的复合结构或复合材料,具有天然材料所不具备的静力学/动力学性能.由于这些超常特性通常取决于微结构单元而非材料组分,这就为力学性能调控和结构功能材料设计提供了新思路.本文在简述力学超材料概念的提出、发展及其超常力学性能的基础上,以装备减振降噪工程需求为牵引,重点探讨力学超材料在水声调控,空气声吸隔声降噪,结构减振抗冲设计等方面的应用探索及发展趋势,为相关领域的科研及工程人员提供一定参考.Mechanical metamaterials are man-made composite structures or materials constructed from artificial microstructural units with extraordinary static/dynamic properties not found in natural materials. Since these properties mainly depend on the microstructural units rather than the material components, this provides new design schemes for functional materials that allow us to manipulate mechanical properties to a larger extent. This paper first gives a brief introduction to the history, development, and main categories of mechanical materials, followed by their extraordinary mechanical properties. Then we mainly review the research progress and future trends on applications of mechanical metamaterials in underwater sound control, air-borne sound absorption/insulation, structural vibration, and impact control. Last but not least, several types of novel mechanical metamaterials are introduced to provide some reference for scientific researchers and engineers in related fields.

关 键 词：力学超材料 声学超材料 减振降噪 水声调控 声隐身 吸隔声 减振抗冲 

分 类 号：TB53[理学—物理] O424[理学—声学]