宁夏旱直播水稻氮、磷、钾养分吸收规律研究  

Absorption of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potassium in Dry Direct-Seeded Rice in Ningxia

作　　者：王英[1] 刘汝亮[2,3] 周丽娜 洪瑜[2] 王芳[2] 冒辛平[2] 孙权[1] Wang Ying;Liu Ruliang;Zhou Lina;Hong Yu;Wang Fang;Mao Xinping;Sun Quan(School of Agriculture,Ningxia University,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002;Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment,Ningxia Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002;National Agricultural Environment Yinchuan Observation and Experimental Station,Yinchuan,Ningxia 750002)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学农学院,宁夏银川750021 [2]宁夏农林科学院农业资源与环境研究所,宁夏银川750002 [3]国家农业环境银川观测实验站,宁夏银川750002

出　　处：《宁夏农林科技》2022年第6期10-13,共4页Journal of Ningxia Agriculture and Forestry Science and Technology

基　　金：宁夏自然科学基金项目(2020AAC03303);宁夏重点研发专项(2019BBF02007、2019BBF02026);宁夏农林科学院农业高质量发展和生态保护科技创新示范课题(NGSB-2021-11-04);农业基础性长期性科技工作观测监测(NAES091AE18)。

摘　　要：以宁粳54号水稻品种为试验材料,研究不同施肥条件下宁夏旱直播水稻对氮、磷、钾养分的吸收规律。结果表明,不同施肥条件下旱直播水稻中干物质积累和氮、磷、钾养分吸收积累量随生育期延长呈“S”形曲线变化。与CK(不施肥)比较,各施肥处理水稻产量显著提高,常规施肥和优化施肥处理水稻产量分别提高162.4%和179.7%,穗数、穗粒数均显著增加。优化施肥处理配施控释氮肥与常规施肥处理相比,在施肥量降低15%的条件下,水稻产量增加6.6%,肥料偏生产力和农学利用效率分别提高22.5%和27.5%。宁夏旱直播水稻施肥应该重视控释氮肥的合理施用,以促进水稻生育后期对养分的协同吸收,提高旱直播水稻绿色高效生产水平。Using Ningjing No.54 rice variety as the material, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrient absorption regular pattern of Ningxia dry direct-seeding rice under different fertilization treatments were studied,which provided a theoretical basis for the rational fertilization of dry direct-seeding rice cultivated. The results showed that the absorption and accumulation of dry matter and nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium nutrients of rice basically showed an "S"-shaped curve with the extension of growth period. Compared with the non-fertilization treatment, the fertilization treatments significantly increased the rice yield. The conventional fertilization and optimized fertilization treatments increased the rice yield by 162.34% and 179.7%, respectively,and the number of spikes, number of grains per spike fertilization treatments all increased significantly.Compared with conventional fertilization treatment, under the condition of 15% reduction of fertilization, optimal fertilization treatment combined with controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer made rice yield increased by 6.6%,fertilizer partial productivity and agronomic utilization efficiency increased by 22.5% and 27.5%, respectively. In Ningxia, reasonable application of controlled-release nitrogen fertilizer should be attached importance in dry direct-seeded rice fertilization, in order to promote coordinated absorption of nutrients in later stage of rice growth and improve level of green and efficient rice production.

关 键 词：旱直播水稻 养分吸收规律 优化施肥 宁夏 

分 类 号：F323[经济管理—产业经济]