新生儿缺氧对听觉系统损伤的临床和基础研究进展  

Clinical and basic research progress of auditory system damage caused by neonatal hypoxia

作　　者：盘琳琳 翟丰 陈洁[1] PAN Linlin;ZHAI Feng;CHEN Jie(Department of Otolaryngology and Oral&Maxillofacial Surgery,Shanghai Children’s Medical Center Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University,Shanghai 200127,China)

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学医学院附属上海儿童医学中心耳鼻喉口腔颌面外科,上海200127

出　　处：《中国眼耳鼻喉科杂志》2022年第6期647-650,共4页Chinese Journal of Ophthalmology and Otorhinolaryngology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81700907);2020年度综合医院中西医结合专项(ZHYY-ZXYJHZX-202009);上海儿童医学中心中长期临床研究项目(ZCQ-SCMC2018-9)。

摘　　要：新生儿缺氧是较为常见的新生儿病理改变,会造成听觉系统损伤,缺氧程度深或合并神经发育障碍者,发生听力障碍的风险增加。但是短暂缺氧对听觉的影响是可逆的。新生儿缺氧可通过机体应激反应、表观遗传学、细胞凋亡及电生理等方面损伤耳蜗及神经传导通路,导致听力检查异常、患者听力下降。但是缺氧对听觉损害的具体作用机制尚无统一结论,需要更多的研究支持。Hypoxia,as a common pathological state in neonates,can cause damage to the auditory system.Patients with severe hypoxia or accompanying with neurodevelopmental disorders are at increased risk of hearing impairment.However,the damage of transient hypoxia to hearing is reversible.Neonatal hypoxia damages the auditory pathway and its function through stress response,epigenetics and apoptosis electrophysiology,leading to abnormal auditory tests and hearing impairment.However,the mechanism underlying the hearing damage caused by hypoxia remains to be elucidated,which needs to be supported by more researches.

关 键 词：低氧 听觉通路 听力障碍 新生儿 

分 类 号：R722[医药卫生—儿科]