不同林火强度对藏东南高山松林土壤理化性质的影响  

Effects of Different Forest Fire Intensities on Soil Physicochemical Properties of Pinus Densata Forest in Southeastern Tibet

作　　者：金明月 侯磊[1,2] 王良琦[1] 宋小月 JIN Mingyue;HOU Lei;WANG Liangqi;SONG Xiaoyue(Resource&Environment College,Tibet Agriculture&Animal Husbandry University;Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology in Tibet of Ministry of Education,Nyingchi Tibet,860000,China)

机构地区：[1]西藏农牧学院资源与环境学院 [2]西藏高原森林生态教育部重点实验室,西藏林芝860000

出　　处：《高原农业》2022年第5期424-432,共9页Journal of Plateau Agriculture

基　　金：西北农林科技大学-西藏农牧学院联合项目(XNLH2022-04);西藏农牧学院农业资源与环境学科(藏财预指2020-001号)。

摘　　要：了解林火对藏东南森林土壤的影响,对火后的森林恢复具有指导意义。本研究选择藏东南高山松林火烧迹地为研究区,对不同林火强度下的土壤理化性质及其相关性进行分析。在急进地表火后,林火强度对土壤电导率、pH值、有机质、全磷、全钾、全氮影响不显著。但是重度林火强度显著降低土壤含水率(P<0.05),中度、重度林火强度显著提高土壤有效磷(P<0.05),中度火烧显著提高土壤速效钾、铵态氮(P<0.05)。火烧前后的土壤理化指标相关性表明,林火使土壤理化指标相关性发生改变,说明林火将影响到土壤恢复过程。综上,林火强度对藏东南高山松林土壤含水率、有效磷、速效钾、铵态氮的影响较大,而对土壤电导率、pH值、有机质、全磷、全钾、全氮的影响较小,主要原因在于急进地表火对地表及地下土壤有机质的影响程度有所不同。Understanding the effects of forest fires on forest soils in southeastern Tibet is of guiding significance for post-fire forest restoration.In this study,Pinus densata forest burned areas in southeastern Tibet was selected as the study area and the soil physicochemical properties and their correlations under different forest fire intensities were analyzed.After acute ground fire,forest fire intensity had no significant effects on soil conductivity,pH,organic matter,total phosphorus,total potassium,and total nitrogen.However,severe forest fire intensity significantly reduced soil water content(P<0.05),but moderate and severe forest fire intensity significantly increased soil effective phosphorus(P<0.05),and moderate fire significantly increased soil available potassium and ammonium nitrogen(P<0.05).The correlation of soil physicochemical indicators before and after the fire showed that forest fire changed the correlation of soil physicochemical indicators,indicating that forest fire affected the soil recovery process.In conclusion,the intensity of forest fire had greater effects on soil water content,effective phosphorus,available potassium,and ammonium nitrogen in Pinus densata forests in southeastern Tibet,while the effects on soil conductivity,pH,organic matter,total phosphorus,total potassium,and total nitrogen were smaller,mainly because of the different degrees of influence of acute surface fires on surface and subsurface soil organic matter.

关 键 词：环境学 林火强度 土壤理化性质 高山松林 西藏 

分 类 号：S762[农业科学—森林保护学]