麦家小说的性别政治——基于叙事学的考察  

Gender Politics in Mai Jia’s Novels——A Study Based on Narratology

作　　者：刘云 LIU Yun(College of Liberal Arts,Anhui University,Hefei 230039,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽大学文学院,安徽合肥230039

出　　处：《湖南大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第6期98-103,共6页Journal of Hunan University(Social Sciences)

摘　　要：用后经典叙事学理论考察麦家小说,可见其叙事话语中体现出较鲜明的男性性别模式,主要表现在:一,塑造男性威权形象,强化男性叙事权威;二,将女性叙事设置为男性主体叙事的补充,使女性叙事边缘化,弱化女性叙事权威;三,用男性叙事解构女性叙事,降低女性叙事的可靠性。另外,麦家小说中女性的叙事声音总是表现出情绪化、非理性、个人性、私密性的特征;而男性叙事声音则更多与宏大叙事相关联,体现出社会性、公共性色彩,并且对与男权社会规范不相符的女性进行批判。通过这种男性中心的叙事策略,麦家小说中的男性形象多沉稳、理性、智慧、伟岸,而女性形象则基本与之相反,从而或隐或显地传达出麦家男性至上的性别观念。Through the study of Mai Jia’s novels with the theory of postclassical narratology, it can be seen that the narrative discourse of Mai Jia embodies a distinct male gender pattern, which is mainly reflected in the following aspects: 1. Shaping the image of male authoritarianism and strengthening male narrative authority. 2.Female narrative is set as a supplement to male narrative, and female narrative authority has been marginalized and weakened. 3.Deconstructing female narrative with male narrative and reducing the reliability of female narrative. In addition, the female narrative voice in Mai jia’s novels is always emotional, irrational, personal and private. On the contrary, the male narrative voice is more associated with the grand narrative, such as social and public issues, and it criticizes the female who does not conform to the patriarchal social norms. Through this male-centered narrative strategy, the male images in Mai Jia’s novels are composed, rational, intelligent and majestic, while the female images are usually the opposite, which presents sexist implications in Mai Jia’s gender concept.

关 键 词：麦家 叙事者 叙事权威 叙事声音 性别政治 

分 类 号：I207.42[文学—中国文学]