1957-2016年汉江中上游输沙变化过程研究  

Processes characteristics of sediment discharge in the upper and middle reaches of the Han River in 1957-2016

作　　者：张雅童 田鹏 穆兴民[1,3] 赵广举 ZHANG Ya-tong;TIAN Peng;MU Xing-min;ZHAO Guang-ju(State Key Laboratory of Soil Erosion and Dryland Farming on the Loess Plateau,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;College of Resource and Environment,Northwest A&F University,Yangling 712100,China;Institute of Soil and Water Conservation,Chinese Academy of Sciences&Ministry of Water Resources,Yangling 712100,China)

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学水土保持研究所黄土高原土壤侵蚀与旱地农业国家重点实验室,陕西杨凌712100 [2]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨凌712100 [3]中国科学院-水利部水土保持研究所,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2022年第5期45-51,共7页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：国家科技基础资源调查项目(2017FY100904);国家自然科学基金项目(42177323)。

摘　　要：基于汉江中上游1957-2016年实测降雨、径流和输沙资料,采用Mann-Kendall检验和累积距平法分析输沙时空变化特征,采用双累积曲线法量化输沙变化的驱动因素。研究结果表明:白河站、皇庄站年输沙量均呈显著减少趋势。白河站年输沙量于1984年发生突变,皇庄站年输沙量于1968及1984年发生突变,变化期的年输沙量较基准期分别减少79.66%和92.73%。汉江中上游流域多年平均输沙模数随时间呈减少趋势,随空间总体呈西高东低。人类活动是输沙量减少的主要原因,对输沙变化的贡献高达93.30%,其中植被恢复及水库建设等水利水保措施发挥着重要作用。Spatial-temporal processes of sediment load and its driving factors were analyzed by Mann-Kendall test,cumulative departure and double mass curve method based on hydrological observations in the upper and middle reaches of the Han River in 1957-2016.Significant decreasing trend was examined in annual sediment load at the Baihe Station and Huangzhuang Station.The abrupt changing point of annual sediment load occurred in 1984 at Baihe Station and in 1968 and 1984 at the Huangzhuang Station.The multi-year average sediment transport modulus showed decreasing trend,and were relatively higher in the western of the basin.Human activities were the main influence of sediment reduction,accounting for 93.30%.Large-scale reservoirs and soil conservation projects in the upper and middle reaches of the Han River were responsible for the sediment reduction in the past sixty years.

关 键 词：汉江中上游 输沙 时空变化 驱动因素 

分 类 号：TV143.4[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]