九寨沟箭竹海冲淤演变及减淤对策模拟研究  

Study on the sediment processes and mitigation of the Arrow Bamboo Lake in the Jiuzhaigou Nature Reserve

作　　者：乐茂华[1] 徐荣林[2] 杜杰 肖维阳 LE Mao-hua;XU Rong-lin;DU Jie;XIAO Wei-yang(Department of Sediment Research,China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100048,China;Jiuzhaigou Administrative Bureau,Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous,Prefecture,Prefecture 624000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院泥沙研究所,北京100048 [2]九寨沟风景名胜区管理局,四川阿坝624000

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2022年第5期52-58,共7页Journal of Sediment Research

基　　金：九寨沟风景名胜区管理局项目(5132202019000526);长江水科学研究联合基金项目(U2040217);中国水利水电科学研究院基本科研业务费重点专项(SE0199A102021)。

摘　　要：地震及其伴生地貌过程导致山体破损,产生的松散物源进入湖泊将加速湖泊淤积演变。针对九寨沟箭竹海,采用水沙模型预测湖泊的冲淤演变趋势,分析不同含沙量水流对湖泊演变的影响,评价不同措施对湖泊减淤的效果。研究结果表明:天然条件下,箭竹海河段的冲淤变化主要发生在湿地区汊道及湖水区与湿地区的过渡带,且汊道以冲刷为主,过渡带以淤积为主;随着上游水流含沙量增大,湿地前缘部位形成较明显的淤积带,每年向湖水区推进约10 cm,且其右侧淤积尤为明显。上游拦沙治理及湿地区局部清淤措施均能有效减缓湖泊淤积进程,上游拦沙效果主要体现在既可进一步塑造湿地区右侧汊流渠道,扩大河段水域,又可继续维持现状中湿地主体,使其发挥生态保护价值。清淤措施效果主要体现在清淤区可起到沉沙池作用,有利于水流中的泥沙聚集淤积,减少泥沙进入湖水区。Earthquake with associated geomorphic processes cause mountain damage,and loose sources into the lake.Take the Arrow Bamboo Lake as an example,a water-sediment model is used to predict the process trend of the lake,analyze the impact of different sand content on lake evolution,and evaluate the influences of different measures on lake congestion.Under natural conditions,the results show that changes of the Arrow Bamboo River mainly occur in the wet zone,with the upstream sediment content.the wetland is formed,advancing about 10 cm on the right side.The upstream sand blocking control and local dredging measures can slow down the lake deposition process effectively.The upstream sand blocking effect is mainly reflected in the further shaping of the wet area,expanding the main body of the wetland and maintaining the ecological service value.The influence is mainly reflected in the sediment deposition pool in the dredging area,which is conducive to the sediment accumulation and deposition of the water into the lake area.

关 键 词：湖泊 泥沙淤积 减淤 箭竹海 九寨沟 

分 类 号：TV147[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]