考洲洋牡蛎养殖海域海-气界面CO_(2)交换通量的时空变化  

Temporal and spatial variation in the sea-air CO_(2) flux in the oyster aquaculture area of Kaozhou Bay

作　　者：彭鹏飞 马媛 史荣君[2] 王迪 许欣 颜彬 PENG Peng-fei;MA Yuan;SHI Rong-jun;WANG Di;XU Xin;YAN Bin(South China Sea Marine Survey and Technology Center,State Oceanic Administration,Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Survey Technology and Application,Ministry of Natural Resources,Guangzhou 510300,China;South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute,Chinese Academy of Fisheries Sciences,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment,Guangzhou 510300,China)

机构地区：[1]国家海洋局南海调查技术中心自然资源部海洋环境探测技术与应用重点实验室,广东广州510300 [2]中国水产科学研究院南海水产研究所广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室,广东广州510300

出　　处：《海洋科学》2022年第10期140-149,共10页Marine Sciences

基　　金：广东省促进经济发展专项资金(GDME-2018E006);广东省渔业生态环境重点实验室开放基金项目(FEEL-2017-6)。

摘　　要：根据2018年7月、11月和2019年1月、4月对广东考洲洋牡蛎养殖海域进行4个季节调查获得的pH、溶解无机碳(DIC)、水温、盐度、溶解氧(DO)及叶绿素a(Chl a)等数据,估算该区域表层海水溶解无机碳体系各分量的浓度、初级生产力(PP)、表层海水CO_(2)分压[p(CO_(2))]和海-气界面CO_(2)交换通量(F_(CO_(2))),分析牡蛎养殖活动对养殖区碳循环的影响。结果表明:牡蛎养殖区表层海水中Chl a、DIC、HCO_(3)–和PP显著低于非养殖区;养殖淡季表层海水中pH、DO、DIC、HCO_(3)–、和CO_(3)^(2–)显著大于养殖旺季,养殖旺季的p(CO_(2))和FCO_(2)显著大于养殖淡季。牡蛎养殖区表层海水夏季、秋季、冬季和春季的海-气界面CO_(2)交换通量FCO_(2)平均值分别是(42.04±9.56)、(276.14±52.55)、(–11.59±18.15)和(–13.02±6.71)mmol/(m^(2)·d),冬季各站位FCO_(2)值离散度较大,其中位数是–10.73 mmol/(m^(2)·d)。在全年尺度,表层海水p(CO_(2))及FCO_(2)与水温呈显著正相关,与盐度呈显著负相关。在非养殖区,浮游植物光合作用可能对影响表层海水p(CO_(2))及FCO_(2)起主导作用。养殖牡蛎钙化、呼吸作用等生理因素释放的CO_(2)对表层海水p(CO_(2))及FCO_(2)未产生显著影响。考洲洋养殖海域养殖旺季为CO_(2)的源,养殖淡季整体为CO_(2)的弱汇。Based on the investigation data of pH,dissolved inorganic carbon(DIC),seawater temperature,salinity,dissolved oxygen(DO),chlorophyll a(Chl a),and other data during four seasons from July and November 2018 and January and April 2019 in the oyster aquaculture area of Kaozhou Bay in Guangdong,the concentration of each component of dissolved inorganic carbon system,primary productivity(PP),p(CO_(2)),and sea-air CO_(2)flux(F_(CO_(2)))were estimated,and the influence of carbon cycle by the oyster aquaculture activities on the oyster aquaculture area was analyzed.The results showed that the Chl a,DIC,HCO_(3)^(–),and PP of the surface seawater in the oyster aquaculture area were significantly lower than those in the non-culture area.The pH,DO,DIC,HCO_(3)^(–),and CO_(3)^(2–)of the surface seawater in the off-season were significantly higher than those in the peak season,and the p(CO_(2))and FCO_(2)in the peak season were significantly higher than those in the off-season.The average FCO_(2)of the surface seawater in the oyster culture area in summer,autumn,winter,and spring was(42.04±9.56),(276.14±52.55),(–11.59±18.15),and(–13.02±6.71)mmol/(m^(2)·d),respectively.The dispersion of FCO_(2)in the oyster culture area was large in winter,with a median of–10.73 mmol/(m^(2)·d).Throughout the year,the p(CO_(2))and FCO_(2)of the surface seawater were sig-nificantly positively correlated with the water temperature and negatively correlated with salinity.In the non-culture area,phytoplankton photosynthesis might play a leading role in affecting the p(CO_(2))and FCO_(2)of the surface seawater.The CO_(2)released by the physiological factors,including the calcification and respiration of cultured oysters,had no significant effect on the p(CO_(2))and FCO_(2)of the surface water.Kaozhou Bay was the source of CO_(2)in the peak season,with a weak sink of CO_(2)in the off-season.

关 键 词：溶解无机碳 pCO_(2) CO_(2)交换通量 牡蛎养殖 考洲洋 

分 类 号：Q176[生物学—水生生物学] X55[生物学—普通生物学]