Al⁃Cu合金中微合金化的应用及其研究进展  

Application and research progress of microalloying in Al⁃Cu alloys

作　　者：程翔翔 陈家浩 陶思节 刘晓冬 殷嘉蓉 翁瑶瑶 CHENG Xiangxiang;CHEN Jiahao;TAO Sijie;LIU Xiaodong;YIN Jiarong;WENG Yaoyao(School of Materials Science and Engineering,Nanjing Institute of Technology,Nanjing 211167,China)

机构地区：[1]南京工程学院材料科学与工程学院,江苏南京211167

出　　处：《现代交通与冶金材料》2022年第6期81-89,共9页Modern Transportation and Metallurgical Materials

基　　金：国家自然科学青年基金资助项目(52101141);江苏省大学生创新创业训练计划项目(202211276002Z,202111276034Y);南京工程学院大学生创新创业项目(TB202202057,TB202202001)。

摘　　要：Al⁃Cu合金由于其具有良好的综合力学性能,广泛应用在航空航天、交通运输等领域。微合金化是改善Al⁃Cu合金组织和性能的主要途径,加入极少量的微合金化元素即可对其组织和性能产生显著影响。本文分别综述了Zr,Sc,Ni和Er四种微合金化元素对Al⁃Cu合金的微观组织和机械性能的影响,其中Zr元素可以形成具有稳定结构的析出相,提高合金的强度和硬度;Sc元素具有最高效的微合金化效果,细小弥散的Al_(3)Sc相颗粒可以显著发挥弥散强化的作用,此外,Sc的添加可以改善Al⁃Cu合金在高温下的抗蠕变性;Ni,Er元素都具有较好的晶粒细化效果,其中Ni可以提高合金的耐蚀性。最后对Al⁃Cu合金未来的研究方向进行了分析和讨论。Al-Cu alloys are widely used in aerospace,transportation and other fields due to their good comprehensive mechanical properties.Microalloying is the main way to improve the microstructure and properties of Al-Cu alloys.Trace addition of microalloying elements can significantly affect the micro⁃structure and properties of Al-Cu alloys.In this paper,the effects of Zr,Sc,Ni and Er elements on the microstructure and mechanical properties of Al-Cu alloys are reviewed,respectively.Zr element can fa⁃cilitate the formation of precipitates with stable structure and improve the strength and hardness of the alloy.Sc element has the most efficient effect,and the fine and dispersed Al_(3)Sc particles can signifi⁃cantly improve the dispersion strengthening.In addition,the addition of Sc can improve the creep resis⁃tance of Al-Cu alloy at high temperature.Ni and Er elements have good grain refining effect,and Ni can improve the corrosion resistance of the alloy.Finally,the future research directions of Al-Cu alloys are analyzed and discussed.

关 键 词：Al⁃Cu合金 微合金化 显微组织 机械性能 析出强化 

分 类 号：TG146.21[一般工业技术—材料科学与工程]