热锻模曲面随形电弧增材再制造工艺  

Process of curve-layered wire and arc additive remanufacturing for hot forging die

作　　者：秦训鹏[1,2] 倪茂 胡泽启[1,2] 纪飞龙 熊晓晨 华林 QIN Xun-peng;NI Mao;HU Ze-qi;JI Fei-long;XIONG Xiao-chen;HUA Lin(School of Automotive Engineering,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Advanced Technology for Automotive Components,Wuhan University of Technology,Wuhan 430070,China)

机构地区：[1]武汉理工大学汽车工程学院,湖北武汉430070 [2]武汉理工大学现代汽车零部件技术湖北省重点实验室,湖北武汉430070

出　　处：《塑性工程学报》2022年第11期15-24,共10页Journal of Plasticity Engineering

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFB1106500);湖北省技术创新重大项目(2020BED010)。

摘　　要：为解决现有再制造方法在热锻模具型腔曲面空间下多材料分布结构不合理的问题,基于热锻模具的性能需求和型腔曲面结构特征,提出了电弧熔丝曲面随形增材再制造修复方法,规划了曲面增材路径,并开展了两层梯度材料的曲面随形电弧增材再制造实验研究。梯度增材层分为过渡层(材料为RMD535)和强化层(材料为RMD545),过渡层位于中间位置,直接与模具基体接触,强化层位于表面,直接与锻件接触。对随形增材后增材层的表面形貌和梯度层性能进行了分析。实验结果表明,曲面随形增材再制造后的表面形貌质量良好,整体尺寸偏差在4 mm以内。增材再制造层的显微硬度总体呈上升趋势,梯度值在100 HV以内,不同曲率处的硬度值和分布规律差异较小。梯度层组织从下至上呈现出贝氏体到马氏体的转变过程,碳化物逐渐增多,界面处主要元素相互扩散呈缓慢过渡趋势,整体梯度性能分布均匀一致,表面强化层的高温耐磨性更高,满足热锻模具修复再制造的梯度性能要求。To solve the problem of unreasonable multi-material distribution structure in the curved surface of hot forging die cavity in the existing remanufacturing methods,based on the performance requirements of the hot forging die and the surface structure characteristics of cavity,a restorative method of curve-layered additive remanufacturing by wire and arc additive was proposed.The curved surface additive path was planned and the experimental research on the curve-layered wire and arc additive remanufacturing of two-layer gradient materials was carried out.The gradient additive layer was divided into transition layer(the material is RMD535)and strengthening layer(the material is RMD545).The transition layer was located in the middle zone,which is directly in contact with the die matrix.The strengthening layer was located on the surface,which is directly in contact with the forging.The surface morphology of additive layer and the performance of gradient layer were analyzed.The experimental results show that the quality of surface morphology after curve-layered additive remanufacturing is good,and the overall dimension deviation is less than 4 mm.The microhardness of additive remanufacturing layer generally shows an upward trend,and the gradient value is within 100 HV.The difference of hardness value and distribution law at locations with different curvatures is less.The microstructure of gradient layer from bottom to top shows the transformation process from bainite to martensite,and the carbides gradually increase.The interdiffusion of the main elements at the interface shows a slow transition trend.The overall gradient property distribution is uniform,and the high temperature wear resistance of the surface strengthening layer is better,which meets the gradient performance requirements of hot forging die remanufacturing.

关 键 词：曲面随形 电弧增材再制造 热锻模具 梯度性能 

分 类 号：TG455[金属学及工艺—焊接]