糙皮侧耳腐食酪螨抗性鉴定方法的建立及评价  

Establishment and Evaluation of Identification Method for Resistance of Pleurotus ostreatus to Tyrophagus putrescentiae

作　　者：李辉平[1] 骆昕 王琳 张凯 林金盛[1] 徐平 曲绍轩[1] 马林[1] LI Huiping;LUO Xin;WANG Lin;ZHANG Kai;LIN Jinsheng;XU Ping;QU Shaoxuan;MA Lin(Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement,Institute of Vegetable Crops,Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Nanjing 210014,Jiangsu,China;Danyang Horticultural Technology Guidance Station,Danyang 212300,Jiangsu,China)

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院蔬菜研究所,江苏省高效园艺作物遗传改良重点实验室,江苏南京210014 [2]丹阳市园艺技术指导站,江苏丹阳212300

出　　处：《食用菌学报》2022年第6期88-96,共9页Acta Edulis Fungi

基　　金：国家现代农业产业技术体系(CARS-20);国家自然科学基金青年科学基金(32001911)。

摘　　要：为解决田间评估中腐食酪螨(Tyrophagus putrescentiae)投放难、周期长、重复性差等技术难题,采用室内培养板菌丝接螨鉴定法评价糙皮侧耳(Pleurotus ostreatus)不同菌株对腐食酪螨的抗性,并用出菇瓶接螨鉴定法进行验证。结果表明:通过统计培养板菌丝体受害孔洞直径大小和孔洞数量,可快速实现(48 h内)腐食酪螨为害级别划分和抗性种质筛选,并与出菇瓶接螨鉴定的验证结果高度一致。对来自中国农业微生物菌种保藏管理中心的84份糙皮侧耳种质资源进行评价,结果表明对腐食酪螨具有抗性和高抗性的材料共59份,占比70.2%,说明保藏的材料中具有较丰富的抗螨种质资源,研究结果可为糙皮侧耳抗螨育种提供科学数据。Tyrophagus putrescentiae is a major pest of edible fungi,and it suppresses fruiting by feeding on mycelia.Traditionally,mite resistance experiments of edible fungi were carried out in the field,which had inoculation difficulty,long period and poor repeatability.To address these problems,a simple and efficient indoor method was established to study the mite resistance of Pleurotus ostreatus.First,activated mycelia of P.ostreatus were cultivated on 6-well cell culture plates at 25℃in darkness until each well was fully filled with mycelia.Second,the culture plate lids were removed and then the plates were inoculated with 0.1 g T.putrescentiae(about 1500 mites)at the space between wells.Then each plate was placed in a sealed transparent plastic box filled with 3-6 mm deep water at the bottom,and incubated in a climate chamber at 25℃and 80%relative humidity to allow the mites to move and feed freely.Damage of T.putrescentiae to P.ostreatus was evaluated through observation and measuring the diameter and number of the damaged holes made by T.putrescentiae.Resistance of P.ostreatus against T.putrescentiae was verified by cultivation in bottles.The results showed that using the 6-well culture plate method,the damage level of T.putrescentiae and resistance of P.ostreatus against T.putrescentiae were quickly detected and evaluated within 48 h,and the resistance detected by the 6-well culture plate method was verified in bottle cultivation.Using the 6-well culture plate method,84 P.ostreatus strains from the Agricultural Culture Collection of China were assessed and 59(70.2%)of them showed resistance to T.putrescentiae,suggesting abundant anti-mite germplasm resources in China.These resources provided a basis for breeding anti-mite P.ostreatus.

关 键 词：抗螨性 糙皮侧耳 腐食酪螨 

分 类 号：S436.461[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]