304不锈钢和5083铝合金在模拟城市地下空间环境中的腐蚀行为对比  

Comparative Study on the Corrosion Behavior of 304 Stainless Steel and 5083-aluminum Alloy in Simulated Urban Underground Environment

作　　者：刘璇[1] 邵晓峰 高瑾[1] 李永红 胡添奇 梁帅 宋嘉良 肖葵[1] LIU Xuan;SHAO Xiao-feng;GAO Jin;LI Yong-hong;HU Tian-qi;LIANG Shuai;SONG Jia-liang;XIAO Kui(Corrosion and Protection Center,University of Science and Technology Beijing,Beijing 100083,China;Zhuzhou CRRC Times Electric Co.,Ltd.,Hunan Zhuzhou 412001,China)

机构地区：[1]北京科技大学腐蚀与防护中心,北京100083 [2]株洲中车时代电气股份有限公司,湖南株洲412001

出　　处：《表面技术》2022年第11期287-294,317,共9页Surface Technology

摘　　要：目的研究对比了304不锈钢与5083铝合金在模拟武汉地下空间环境条件下的腐蚀行为。方法在对武汉工况调研的基础上,设计了符合地下环境特点的室内加速试验谱,包括循环盐雾试验和湿热试验等,以一个加速周期模拟实际服役环境中1 a的腐蚀量;利用扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、激光共聚焦显微镜等方法分析了304不锈钢与5083铝合金的表面形貌、腐蚀产物成分和腐蚀动力学等。结果根据模拟武汉地下空间环境设计的加速试验,经过5个循环周期后,不锈钢与铝合金均在局部发生不同程度的点蚀,5083铝合金表面钝化膜被破坏,腐蚀产物堆积,而304不锈钢腐蚀轻微。根据拟合结果,不锈钢最大点蚀深度与腐蚀时间时间符合指数函数关系D_(1)=7.637+1.212e^(0.517t),形成的腐蚀坑小而深;铝合金符合幂函数关系D_(2)=11.75t^(0.699),主要形成宽而浅的腐蚀坑,其宽深比逐渐增加。结论随着服役时间的延长,304不锈钢在模拟城市地下空间环境中的点蚀深度发展较5083铝合金更快,304不锈钢的点蚀率受地下运行环境的影响逐年增加,而5083铝合金局部腐蚀放缓。According to the characteristics of Wuhan's underground environment,the author investigated the dynamic changes of the natural environment involved in Wuhan's underground,and calculated the annual operating time of facilities based on the operating conditions.At the same time,referring to the conversion coefficients of different metal materials,the environmental strength,duration and sequence were clarified,so as to design an indoor test spectrum that simulated the environmental corrosion equivalent of Wuhan.In this paper,the corrosion behavior of 304 stainless steel and 5083 aluminum alloy under simulated environmental spectrum was compared.One acceleration cycle was used to simulate the corrosion amount of 1 year in the actual service environment.In the corrosion cycle spectrum simulated for 1 year,the drying/humid heat test cycle was 3 times,the salt spray/humid cycle test was 3 times for stainless steel,and the salt spray/humid cycle test was 5 times for aluminum alloy.After completing the salt spray/humid cycle,the cleaning part was entered.Both 304 stainless steel and 5083 aluminum alloy were tested for 5 acceleration cycles to simulate the corrosion equivalent of 5 years in the actual environment.The surface morphology,composition of corrosion products and corrosion dynamics of 304 stainless steel and 5083 aluminum alloy were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy(SEM)and laser confocal microscopy.Results show that after 5 cycles,both stainless steel and aluminum alloy had local pitting corrosion to varying degrees.The passivation film on the surface of 5083 aluminum alloy was destroyed and the product accumulated,while the corrosion of 304 stainless steel was slight and had better resistance to pitting,which may be due to the formation of a passivation film on the surface.The main components of films were oxides containing Fe and Cr,and the passivation film could be the main source of the corrosion resistance of stainless steel.In line with the fitting results of the maximum pitting depth,the pitting de

关 键 词：304不锈钢 5083铝合金 地下环境 点蚀 腐蚀行为 环境谱 

分 类 号：TG174[金属学及工艺—金属表面处理]