进出境木质包装风险特征与检疫性有害生物检出通报名录研究  

Risk Characteristics of Import and Export Wooden Packaging and Detected List of Quarantine Pests

作　　者：赵凯 冯英财 艾艺 贺炜 李开银 李凤旗 孔德英 杨文友 ZHAO Kai;FENG Yingcai;AI Yi;HE Wei;LI Kaiyin;LI Fengqi;KONG Deying;YANG Wenyou(Qianjiang Customs of P.R.China,Chongqing 409099;Liangjiang Customs of P.R.China,Chongqing 401122;Chongqing Customs of P.R.China,Chongqing 401147;Wanzhou Customs of P.R.China,Chongqing 404130;Technical Center of Chongqing Customs,Chongqing 400020)

机构地区：[1]中华人民共和国黔江海关,重庆409099 [2]中华人民共和国两江海关,重庆401122 [3]中华人民共和国重庆海关,重庆401147 [4]中华人民共和国万州海关,重庆404130 [5]重庆海关技术中心,重庆400020

出　　处：《现代农业科技》2022年第22期84-93,共10页Modern Agricultural Science and Technology

基　　金：重庆海关科技计划项目(2021CQKY11)。

摘　　要：进出境货物中木质包装传带有害生物的问题受到国际社会普遍关注。本文收集了近10余年我国主要口岸进出境货物中木质包装检疫性有害生物截获报告和研究文献,分析了其风险特征和规律,比较研究了我国木质包装相关的林业检疫性有害生物与进出境木质包装检出的检疫性有害生物名录。结果表明:进境货物中木质包装检疫性有害昆虫和线虫检出率高,美国、马来西亚、中国台湾等为高风险地区,IPPC标识不规范,进境未申报或申报不真实;出境木质包装被进境国家检出天牛侵染,出境前未加施和伪造IPPC标识问题突出,出境预警量明显低于进境预警量;进境、出境检疫性有害生物名录和国内林业检疫性有害生物名录差异较大。本研究初步建立了进境、出境木质包装检疫性有害生物检出通报名录,以期为科学、有效检疫监管提供参考。The problem of quarantine pests carried by wooden packaging of import and export goods has attracted widespread attention of international community.This paper collected the reports and research literature on quarantine pests intercepted from wooden packaging of import and export goods at major ports in China in recent 10 years,analyzed the risk characteristics and laws,and compared the forest quarantine pests related to wooden packaging in China with the quarantine pests detected from the import and export wooden packaging.The results showed that the detection rates of quarantine insects and nematodes from wooden packaging of imported goods were high,and the United States,Malaysia and Taiwan in China were high-risk areas.IPPC marks were not standardized,and entry was not declared or declared untruthfully.Imported countries reported that the export wooden packaging from China infected by Cerambycidae.The problems of unapplied and forged IPPC marks before exporting were prominent.The amount of export risks alert was significantly lower than that of import risks alert.The list of import and export quarantine pests differed greatly from the list of domestic forestry quarantine pests.Detected list on quarantine pests from wooden packaging of import and export goods were initially established,so as to provide reference for scientific and effective quarantine supervision.

关 键 词：检疫性有害生物 风险特征 木质包装 进出境货物 检出名录 

分 类 号：S411[农业科学—植物保护]