高精度真空黑体温度场均匀性研究  

The Investigation on the Temperature Field Uniformity of a High-precision Vacuum Blackbody

作　　者：武强 郝小鹏[1] 宋健[1] 李国占 WU Qiang;HAO Xiao-peng;SONG Jian;LI Guo-zhan(National Institute of Metrology,Beijing 100029,China;China Jiliang University,Hangzhou,Zhejiang 310018,China)

机构地区：[1]中国计量科学研究院,北京100029 [2]中国计量大学,浙江杭州310018

出　　处：《计量学报》2022年第10期1279-1284,共6页Acta Metrologica Sinica

基　　金：国家重点研发计划(2018YFB0504700);国家自然科学基金(12075229)。

摘　　要：为进一步提高真空黑体的温度控制精度,采用理论分析、数值模拟和实验等手段对真空黑体的温度分布进行研究,推导了黑体与环境之间的热传递公式,分析了真空黑体温度分布特性。对特定的黑体结构,又进一步简化了其对应的温度场控制方程,在不损失精度的前提下,将三维模型简化为一维模型,降低了计算复杂度,缩短了仿真所用时间,同时也提高了求解过程中的数值稳定性。数值结果与实验数据吻合较好,但数值模拟所得真空黑体全局最大温差大于测量点之间温差,表明黑体的实际温度控制精度可能低于实验结果。In order to further improve the temperature control accuracy of vacuum black body,the temperature distribution of vacuum black body is studied by means of theoretical analysis,numerical simulation and experiment,the heat transfer formula between black body and environment is derived,and the temperature distribution characteristics of vacuum black body are analyzed.For the specific black body structure,the corresponding temperature field control equation is further simplified,the three-dimensional model is simplified to a one-dimensional model without loss of precision,the calculation complexity is reduced,the simulation time is shortened,and the numerical stability in the process of solving is improved.The numerical results are in good agreement with the experimental data,but the global maximum temperature difference of vacuum black matter obtained by numerical simulation is about 3 times the temperature difference between measuring points,which indicates that the actual temperature control accuracy of black body is much lower than that of experiment results.

关 键 词：计量学 真空黑体 温场均匀性 辐射换热 

分 类 号：TB942[一般工业技术—计量学]