林氏念珠藻对酸化稻田水稻产量和土壤细菌群落结构与功能的影响  

Effects of Nostoc linckia on rice grain yield and the structure and functions of bacterial community in acidified paddy soil

作　　者：邵继海[1] 陈杰锋 胡婷 Shao Jihai;Chen Jiefeng;Hu Ting(College of Resources and Environment,Hunan Agricultural University,Changsha 410128,China)

机构地区：[1]湖南农业大学资源环境学院,长沙410128

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期22-28,共7页Journal of Henan Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(32071647)。

摘　　要：长期过量施肥已导致我国大量农田土壤酸化,固氮蓝藻在酸化稻田对水稻产量和土壤微生物群落结构与功能的影响尚不清楚.通过酸化稻田小区试验,向其中接种林氏念珠藻(Nostoc linckia),研究了其对水稻产量、主要土壤酶活性及土壤中细菌群落结构的影响.田间小区试验结果表明,接种林氏念珠藻后,稻田土壤中铵态氮含量显著高于对照处理,水稻产量也显著高于对照.接种林氏念珠藻处理组的土壤纤维素酶、固氮酶和酸性磷酸酶活性均显著增高.土壤中酸性磷酸酶和纤维素酶与土壤中铵态氮含量呈显著正相关.高通量测序结果显示,接种林氏念珠藻改变了土壤中细菌群落组成,但是对细菌群落α多样性没有显著影响.蓝藻门中的优势类群Synechococcales和Leptolyngbyales的相对丰度与土壤中的铵态氮呈显著负相关,放线菌门中的Frankiales和Solirubrobacterales及拟杆菌门中的Bacteroidales的相对丰度与土壤中铵态氮含量呈显著正相关.除铵态氮外,土壤中磷含量及土壤pH也是改变稻田土壤中细菌群落结构的主要环境因子.研究结果表明,向酸化稻田接种固氮蓝藻能够提高水稻产量和土壤肥力.Long-term excessive fertilization caused acidification of massive agricultural soils in China.The effects of diazotrophic cyanobacteria on rice grain yield and the structure and functions of bacterial community in acidified paddy soil remain unknown.The effects of Nostoc linckia inoculation on rice grain yield,activities of the main soil enzymes,and the structure of bacterial community in acidic paddy soil were investigated through field plot experiment.The results showed that the content of NH^(+)_(4)-N in paddy soil and rice grain yield in the N.linckia inoculation treatment were significantly higher than those of the control.The activities of cellulose,nitrogenase and phosphatase were significantly higher than those of the control.The activities of acidic phosphatase and cellulose were positively correlated with the content of NH^(+)_(4)-N in soil.The results of high-throughput sequencing revealed that N.linckia inoculation changed the structure of bacterial community but did not affect bacterialα-diversity.The relative abundances of Synechococcales and Leptolyngbyales,the main groups in Cyanobacteria,were negatively correlated with the content of NH^(+)_(4)-N in soil,while the Bacteroidales in Bacteroidetes,Frankiales and Solirubrobacterales in Actinobacteria were positively correlated with the content of NH^(+)_(4)-N.Besides NH^(+)_(4)-N content,the content of phosphorus in soil and soil pH were also the main environmental factors affecting bacterial community in paddy soil.The results presented in this study indicate that application of diazotrophic cyanobacteria could promote rice grain yield and improve soil fertility.

关 键 词：固氮蓝藻 稻田 土壤酶 细菌多样性 

分 类 号：Q89[生物学]