非生长季放牧对黄河上游草甸种子产量的影响  

Effects of non-growing season grazing on seed production of a meadow in the upper reaches of Yellow River

作　　者：陈安群[1] 张露娜 柴诗杰 王文瑞 刘银占[1] 韩士杰 苗原 Chen Anqun;Zhang Luna;Chai Shijie;Wang Wenrui;Liu Yinzhan;Han Shijie;Miao Yuan(School of Life Sciences,Henan University,Kaifeng 475004,China)

机构地区：[1]河南大学生命科学学院,河南开封475004

出　　处：《河南师范大学学报（自然科学版）》2022年第6期45-51,I0003,共8页Journal of Henan Normal University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31670477);河南省科技攻关项目(192102110085);河南省自然科学基金(202300410082).

摘　　要：非生长季放牧是位于黄河上游的青藏高原草地广泛采用的土地利用方式之一.种子产量是与草原生态系统地上植被组成和自然演替过程密切相关的繁殖指标.为此,在青藏高原高寒草甸的非生长季放牧和对照区域选取10种植物测定非生长季放牧对不同植物种子产量及相关指标的影响.研究发现非生长季放牧使得植物的种子产量、种子数、种子大小、坐果率和结实力分别降低28%、22%、9%、10%和3%.但花朵数却在放牧的情况下增加22%.不同物种种子产量对非生长季放牧的响应也各不相同.非生长季放牧显著降低矮地榆(Sanguisorba filiformis)等物种的种子产量,却显著增加高原毛茛(Ranunculus tanguticus)的种子产量,对华扁穗草(Blysmus sinocompressus)等物种的种子产量无影响.种子产量与种子数量和花朵数密切相关,与其他指标无显著相关性.Grazing in the non-growing season is a land management widely adopted in the alpine meadow of Tibetan Plateau located at the upper reaches of Yellow River.Plant seed production is an important reproduction index which plays significant roles on seedlings emergence and plant community composition.Therefore,seed production and correlated reproduction indexes were measured in order to study the influnence of grazing in non-growing season on seed production.Seed production,seed number,seed size,the ratio of fruit number to flower number,and the ratio of full seed number to total seed number in response to non-growing-season grazing have decreased by 28%,22%,9%,10%,and 3%,respectively.However,the number of flower has increased by 22%under grazing.There were strong variations among species in response to the non-growing-season grazing.Grazing in non-growing season significantly reduced the seed yield of some species including Sanguisorba filiformis,but significantly increased seed production of Ranunculus tanguticus.There was no effect on the seed yield of some species including Blysmus sinocompressus.In addition,the seed production was correlated with the number of seed and flower,but not with other variables.

关 键 词：草原管理 繁殖策略 花朵数 种子质量 种子数量 

分 类 号：Q145[生物学—生态学]