中国北方地区工业用水边际效益及影响因素研究  

Marginal Benefit of Industrial Water Use in Northern China and Its Influencing Factors

作　　者：刁子乘 赵晶 韩宇平[1] DIAO Zicheng;ZHAO Jing;HAN Yuping(College of Water Resources,North China University of Water Resources and Electric Power,Zhengzhou 450046,China)

机构地区：[1]华北水利水电大学水资源学院,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《人民珠江》2022年第11期8-15,共8页Pearl River

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(52009042)。

摘　　要：基于2011—2020年北方地区工业用水量、增加值、固定资产投资以及从业人员数量等经济指标相关数据,利用改进的Cobb-Douglas生产函数核算北方地区工业用水边际效益,并分析其时空变化规律。结果表明:(1)辽宁省和河北省工业用水边际效益最大,分别为394.91、324.99元/m^(3),边际效益最小的为吉林省22.58元/m^(3),其次为天津市71.47元/m^(3),中国北方地区工业用水边际效益值由东向西呈递增趋势,与水资源禀赋条件分布大致相反;(2)2011—2020年,各省市自治区工业用的边际效益均呈递增趋势,吉林省工业用水边际效益涨幅最大,增长345%,山东省工业用水边际效益涨幅最小,增长64%;(3)万元工业增加值用水量是工业用水边际效益变化主要影响因素,呈现负向作用,人均GDP是重要影响因素,呈现正向作用,高新技术制造业在工业中所占比重是重要因素,呈现正向作用,人均水资源量的影响相对较小。研究结果为科学认识水资源价值、优化北方地区工业水资源配置、提高水资源利用效益提供参考。With the data on the economic indicators, such as industrial water use, industrial added value, fixed-asset investment, and the number of employees, of the northern region for 2011—2020,this study employed an improved Cobb-Douglas production function to calculate the marginal benefit of industrial water use in the northern region and analyzed its spatio-temporal variation law.The following observations can be made from the results:(1) Liaoning Province and Hebei Province have the largest marginal benefits of industrial water use, which are 394.91 CNY/m^(3) and 324.99 CNY/m^(3),respectively.In contrast, Jilin Province and Tianjin Municipality have the smallest and the second smallest marginal benefits, which are 22.58 CNY/m^(3) and 71.47 CNY/m^(3),respectively.The marginal benefit of industrial water use in Northern China exhibits an increasing trend from east to west, which is roughly opposite to the distribution of water resource endowment.(2) From 2011 to 2020,the marginal benefits of industrial water use in provinces and cities all showed an increasing trend.Specifically, the marginal benefit of industrial water use in Jilin Province increased the most by 345%,while that of industrial water use in Shandong Province increased the least by 64%.(3) The water use per ten thousand CNY industrial added value is the main influencing factor on a changing marginal benefit of industrial water use, and its influence is negative;the GDP per capita and the proportion of the high-tech manufacturing industry in the industrial sector are both important factors with a positive influence;the impact of water resources per capita is relatively small.The research results provide references for scientifically understanding the value of water resources, optimizing the allocation of industrial water resources in the northern region, and improving the benefits of water resource use.

关 键 词：北方地区 COBB-DOUGLAS生产函数 边际效益 工业用水 影响因子 

分 类 号：TV213.4[水利工程—水文学及水资源]