基于奥马哈理论的综合护理对外伤性截瘫患者的护理效果  

Effectiveness of comprehensive nursing care based on Omaha theory for traumatic paraplegic patients

作　　者：相瑞 许凤琴 嵇丽丽 殷照阳 许勤[4] XIANG Rui;XU Fengqin;JI Lili;YIN Zhaoyang;XU Qin(Spine Surgery,Lianyungang Clinical Medical College,Nanjing Medical University,Jiangsu Province,Lianyungang 222000,China;Department of Nursing,Lianyungang Clinical Medical College,Nanjing Medical University,Jiangsu Province,Lianyungang 222000,China;Department of Traumatology,Lianyungang Clinical Medical College,Nanjing Medical University,Jiangsu Province,Lianyungang 222000,China;College of Nursing,Nanjing Medical University,Jiangsu Province,Nanjing 211166,China)

机构地区：[1]南京医科大学连云港临床医学院脊柱外科,江苏连云港222000 [2]南京医科大学连云港临床医学院护理部,江苏连云港222000 [3]南京医科大学连云港临床医学院创伤外科,江苏连云港222000 [4]南京医科大学护理学院,江苏南京211166

出　　处：《中国医药导报》2022年第32期151-154,163,共5页China Medical Herald

基　　金：江苏省卫生健康委高层次卫生人才“六个一工程”拔尖人才资助项目(LGY2020052)。

摘　　要：目的探讨基于奥马哈系统的综合护理对外伤性截瘫患者的护理效果分析。方法选取2020年1月至2021年6月在南京医科大学连云港临床医学院接受治疗的84例外伤性截瘫患者,采用随机数字表法将其分为基础组及联合组,每组42例。基础组采用常规护理,联合组住院期间及出院后在奥马哈系统理论指导下进行综合护理,评估两组护理前后负性情绪、睡眠质量及肢体功能恢复情况,记录不良反应。结果综合护理后,两组独立性评定量表及Fugl-Meyer评分高于护理前,且联合组高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后,两组诺丁汉健康调查问卷评分各维度低于护理前,且联合组精力、疼痛、睡眠、社交及身体评分低于基础组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。护理后,两组睡眠状况自评量表、焦虑自评量表及抑郁自评量表评分低于护理前,且联合组低于基础组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。联合组护理期间肌肉萎缩、关节僵硬发生率低于基础组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论基于奥马哈系统的综合护理能够显著提高外伤性截瘫患者的躯体功能、运动功能,增加生活质量,减少心理应激。Objective To explore the analysis of the effectiveness of comprehensive care based on the Omaha system for patients with traumatic paraplegia.Methods Eighty-four patients with traumatic paraplegia treated at Lianyungang Clinical Medical College,Nanjing Medical University from January 2020 to June 2021 were selected and divided into basic group and combined group by the random number table method,with 42 cases in each group.The basic group was given conventional care,while the combined group was given comprehensive care under the guidance of Omaha system theory during hospitalization and after discharge,and negative emotions,sleep quality and recovery of limb function were assessed before and after care in both groups.The adverse reactions were recorded.Results After comprehensive care,the independence rating scale and Fugl-Meyer scores were higher in both groups than before care,while those of the combined group were higher than those of the control group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).After care,the dimensions of Nottingham health questionnaire scores were lower in both groups than before care,while the combined group had lower energy,pain,sleep,social,and physical scores than the base group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).After care,the scores on the self-rating sleep status scale,the self-rating anxiety scale,and the self-rating depression scale in both groups were lower than before care,while in those the combined group were lower than those in the basic group,with statistically significant differences(P<0.05).The incidences of muscle atrophy and joint stiffness during care were lower in the combined group than in the basic group,and the differences were statistically significant(P<0.05).Conclusion Comprehensive care based on the Omaha system can significantly improve somatic and motor functions,increase quality of life,and reduce psychological stress in patients with traumatic paraplegia.

关 键 词：外伤性截瘫 奥马哈系统 综合护理 照顾者负担程度 

分 类 号：R473.73[医药卫生—护理学]