优秀男子游泳运动员两种蹲踞式出发技术研究  

Research on Two Crouching Starting Techniques for Excellent Male Swimmers

作　　者：王一淞 WANG Yisong(Beijing Sport University,Beijing,100084,China)

机构地区：[1]北京体育大学,北京100084

出　　处：《四川体育科学》2022年第6期45-53,共9页Sichuan Sports Science

摘　　要：目前国内还未有文献将蹲踞式出发技术的泳姿、比赛距离结合起来进行综合分析,前倾蹲踞式出发适合什么泳姿、后摆蹲踞式出发又适合什么距离,都值得我们进行探讨。基于此,本文采用文献资料、录像解析、数理统计等研究方法,对2017年和2019年世界游泳锦标赛男子决赛出发阶段视频进行分析,探究优秀男子游泳运动员出发技术特点和适宜泳姿;选取8名高校优秀男子游泳运动员,采用两种蹲踞式出发技术,使用专业摄像机进行定点拍摄。从预备姿势、起跳、腾空、入水、水下滑行共五个阶段进行对比实验,通过Kinovea软件解析两种蹲踞式出发技术的录像,比较研究其部分运动学特征,结合对两届游泳世锦赛的分析总结出采用两种蹲踞式出发技术在出发环节不同阶段的优缺点。At present, there is no domestic literature combining the crouch departure technique of stroke and race distance for comprehensive analysis, and it is worthwhile to explore what stroke is suitable for forward crouch departure and what distance is suitable for backward swing crouch departure. Based on this, this paper uses literature, video analysis, mathematical statistics and other research methods to analyze the video of the departure phase of the men’s final of the 2017 and 2019World Swimming Championships to explore the characteristics and suitable strokes of the departure technique of outstanding male swimmers;eight outstanding male swimmers from colleges and universities are selected to adopt two squatting departure techniques and use professional cameras for fixed-point filming. A comparison experiment was conducted in five stages: preparatory posture,jumping, airing, entering the water and gliding underwater, and the video of the two squatting departure techniques were analyzed by Kinovea software to compare and study some of their kinematic characteristics, and the advantages and disadvantages of using the two squatting departure techniques in different stages of the departure process were summarized with the analysis of the two World Championships.

关 键 词：男子游泳 优秀运动员 蹲踞式出发技术 比较研究 

分 类 号：G861.1[文化科学—体育训练]