某风扇增压级行波共振故障机理研究  

Mechanism of travelling wave resonance fault of a fan booster stage

作　　者：马会防 张辉 吴志青 王卫国 高修磊 MA Huifang;ZHANG Hui;WU Zhiqing;WANG Weiguo;GAO Xiulei(AECC Commercial Aircraft Engine Co.,Ltd.,Shanghai 200241,China)

机构地区：[1]中国航发商用航空发动机有限责任公司,上海200241

出　　处：《振动与冲击》2022年第22期130-136,共7页Journal of Vibration and Shock

摘　　要：某风扇增压级发生了一次振动故障,基频振动瞬间突增,之后快速下降,但仍超限制值,停机检查发现试验件损伤较为严重。为排查故障原因,进行了转速分析,确定了故障分析的振动信号时段,对该时段振动信号进行了小波分析、快速傅里叶变换(fast fourier transform, FFT)分段对比分析,推断出异常振动的频率;结合试验件分解后发现的磨痕特征,推断出异常振动的振型;再结合静子机匣模态试验、转子鼓筒模态分析、轴心轨迹分析等多种信息后,提出了故障机理——转静子碰磨激发了转子鼓筒3节径后行波共振;根据故障机理提出了整改措施,经试验验证,措施有效。该研究对该次的振动故障特征、故障诊断方法进行了总结,对类似振动故障的排除具有重要的参考价值。A vibration fault case has occurred on a fan booster stage: fundamental frequency vibration rises suddenly and reduces soon, but still exceeding the limit value, and then serious damages are found in the examination after running stop. In order to find out the reasons for this fault, an analysis on rotating speed was conducted, and a period of vibration signal was locked for fault analysis. The wavelet analysis and fast fourier transform(FFT) segmented contrast analysis were completed to infer the abnormal vibration frequency. A fault mechanism was presumed based on comprehensive information including the results of stator case modal experiment, rotor drum modal analysis and orbit analysis. It is shown that this is caused by the resonance of the 3-nodal-diameter backward travelling wave of the rotor drum due to friction between the stator and rotor. Rectification measures were made according to the fault mechanism, which were proven to be effective through experiment. The characteristics of the vibration fault and the method of fault diagnosis in this vibration fault event were summarized, which have an important reference value on similar fault diagnosis.

关 键 词：行波共振 转速分析 故障频率 故障振型 小波分析 

分 类 号：TH701[机械工程—仪器科学与技术] TB936[机械工程—精密仪器及机械]