太湖流域平原农业面源污染模拟与管控的思考  

Thoughts on modelling and control of agricultural non-point source pollution in the lowland areas of Lake Taihu basin,China

作　　者：黄佳聪[1] 张京 季雨来 高俊峰[1] HUANG Jiacong;ZHANG Jing;JI Yulai;GAO Junfeng(Key Laboratory of Watershed Geographic Sciences,Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing 210008,China;University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China)

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京地理与湖泊研究所中国科学院流域地理学重点实验室,南京210008 [2]中国科学院大学,北京100049

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2022年第11期2365-2370,共6页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFD1700600);国家自然科学基金项目(41971138);江苏省碳达峰碳中和科技创新专项(BK20220042);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2019313);江苏省水利科技项目(2020032,2021036,2022032)。

摘　　要：我国太湖流域平原河网区农业面源污染问题突出,圩区是该区域广泛分布的人工集水单元,也是农业面源污染管控的关键且独特地理单元,具有农业面源污染拦截的优势,但其作用长期以来被低估或忽略。在此背景下,本文梳理了平原河网区农业面源氮磷污染的关键问题,包括农田耕作与池塘养殖存在的面源污染问题,以及污染溯源面临的挑战;总结圩区系统水文与氮磷循环过程的独特性及其模型模拟的进展与难点,探讨利用圩区这一特色单元提升平原河网区面源氮磷拦截能力的可能性;从管控空间单元、精准治理技术、典型示范等角度,提出圩区农业面源污染管控与研究的若干建议。Polder is an artificial watershed unit widely distributed in the lowland area of Lake Taihu basin,with the severe problem of agricultural non-point source pollution.It is also a critical and unique geographical unit for agricultural non-point source pollution control,with great potential in reducing agricultural non-point source pollution.However,this potential has under-estimated or even neglected during the past decades.Therefore,this study identified the critical problems of non-point source pollution of nitrogen(N)and phosphorus(P)in lowland areas,including agricultural farmlands and aquaculture ponds,while elucidating the challenge of tracking N & P.The uniqueness of hydrological and N & P cycling in the polder ecosystem was summarized as along with the corresponding model descriptions.The potential of polders in enhancing N & P reduction capacity in lowland areas was also discussed.Furthermore,suggestions regarding the control and mechanism of agricultural non-point source pollution in polder areas were proposed from the perspectives of the control unit,precise treatment technology,and typical demonstration.

关 键 词：氮 磷 圩区 沟塘 

分 类 号：X52[环境科学与工程—环境工程]