论河南自贸区物流便利的法治化  

On the Legalization of Logistics Facilitation in the Henan Free Trade Zone

作　　者：周伟 李文姬 Zhou Wei;Li Wenji(Law School,Henan University of Economics and Law,Zhengzhou,Henan 450046;Sccial Governmance Innovation Reserch Center,Henan University of Economics and Law,Zhengzhou Henan 450046)

机构地区：[1]河南财经政法大学法学院,河南郑州450046 [2]河南财经政法大学社会治理创新研究中心,河南郑州450046

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2022年第6期24-33,共10页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

摘　　要：物流便利法治化是国际贸易便利化的通常做法,国际贸易发达的美国和新加坡均参照国际条约、国际惯例建立起了现代国际物流法治体系,为其国际贸易便利提供了法治保障。贸易便利化在物流方面主要表现为通过法治手段实现高效的监管制度(货物分类监管制度)、便捷的通关制度、跨境电子支付和便利的网络平台、低关税制度等。河南自贸区不仅存在相关规范难以改变水路运输弱势、多式联运场站连接不力等物流便利化基础设施问题,还存在“单一窗口”、物流标准统一、通关结果互认、贸易信息共享等贸易便利化以及铁路运单不能用信用证结汇、引进与培养国际贸易专业人才不力等国际贸易手段与服务缺乏法律保障等问题。自贸区规则本质上是地方立法与国际贸易规则接轨的产物,地方可以通过中央政府的“先行先试”授权制定与国际贸易规则相一致的地方性法规或者规章,必要时可由中央立法实现与国际贸易规则衔接。我国应当通过促成多式联运国际条约生效、积极加入国际条约、促进国际条约之间的协同和协调以及完善国内立法等途径解决河南自贸区物流便利法治化问题。The legalization of logistics facilitation is the common practice of national trade facilitation.The United States and Singapore with developed international trade have established a modern international logistics legal system with reference to international treaties and international practices,providing a legal guarantee for their international trade facilitation.In terms of logistics,Trade facilitation is mainly manifested in the realization of efficient regulatory systems(goods classification supervision system),convenient customs clearance systems,cross-border electronic payment and convenient network platforms,low-tariff systems etc.through the means of the rule of law.The Henan FTZ not only has the problems of logistics facilitation infrastructure such as the weakness of relevant norms to change the weak water transport and the poor connection of multimodal transport stations,but also the problems of“single window”,unification of logistics standards,mutual recognition of customs clearance results,trade information sharing and other trade facilitation,as well as the lack of legal protection for international trade means and services such as railway waybills cannot be use din letters of credit settlement,and the introduction and training of international trade professionals.FTZ rules are essentially the product of local legislation in line with international trade rules,and local legislation can formulate local regulations or rules consistent with international trade rules through the central government’s“First-try-first”authorization.When necessary,the central legislation may be used to achieve convergence with international trade rules.To this end,we should solve the rule of law issue of logistics facilitation in the Henan FTZ by promoting the entry into force of international multimodal transport treaties,actively joining international treaties,promoting coordination and coordination between international treaties,and improving domestic legislation.

关 键 词：国际贸易便利化 物流便利化 法治化 

分 类 号：D921[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]