产品责任法中的表见制造者研究  

On Apparent Manufacturer in Product Liability Law

作　　者：李继伟[1] 王太平[2] Li Jiwei;Wang Taiping(Law School,Xiangtan University,Xiangtan,Hunan 411105;Law School,Guangdong University of Foreign Studies,Guangzhou,Guangdong 510420)

机构地区：[1]湘潭大学法学院,湖南湘潭411105 [2]广东外语外贸大学法学院,广东广州510420

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2022年第6期71-79,共9页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

摘　　要：由于对表见制造者原理的认识误区,司法实践对表见制造者原理存在着滥用、误用现象。表见制造者规则的理论根据是禁反言和公平原则,其政策基础是消费者保护,司法实践对表见制造者原理的误用现象应予纠正。表见制造者原理构成要件包括四点,即存在区别性标志、区别性标志被置于产品之上、客观上表示区别性标志的所有人是产品制造者,同时,消费者因对区别性标志所有人的信任而购买了该产品。表见制造者原理在实践中的典型情形包括特许经营、商标许可、商号许可、直播带货等。Due to the misunderstanding of the apparent manufacturer doctrine,the doctrine has been abused and misused in Chinese judicial practice since it was established.The theoretical foundation of the apparent manufacturer doctrine is estoppel and fairness principle,its policy foundation is consumer protection.The misuse of the apparent manufacturer principle in judicial practice should be corrected.The constituent elements of an apparent manufacturer include four points as follows:distinctive sign,the distinctive sign on the product,the owner of the distinctive sign objectively representing the product maker and Consumers having bought product for their trust in the distinctive sign owner.In practice,the typical cases of apparent manufacturer includes franchise,trademark or trade-name license,live-streaming e-commerce etc.

关 键 词：产品责任 表见制造者 商标许可 特许经营 

分 类 号：D923.4[政治法律—民商法学]