我国福利型少年司法处遇制度的检视与形塑  

Inspection and Shaping of Welfare Juvenile Judicial Treatment System in China

作　　者：张启飞 胡馨予 Zhang Qifei;Hu Xinyu(Criminal Law School,East China University of Political Science and law,Shanghai 200042;School of Law,Wuhan University,Wuhan,Hubei 430072)

机构地区：[1]华东政法大学刑事法学院,上海200042 [2]武汉大学法学院,湖北武汉430072

出　　处：《河南财经政法大学学报》2022年第6期102-111,共10页Journal of Henan University of Economics and Law

基　　金：2020年国家社科基金重大项目“网络时代的社会治理与刑法体系的理论创新”(项目编号:20&ZD199);2020年中国博士后科学基金资助项目(项目编号:2020M681245)的阶段性成果。

摘　　要：2021年生效的《未成年人保护法》《预防未成年人犯罪法》和《刑法修正案(十一)》确立的罪错未成年人司法处遇的保护理念,某种程度上具有福利型少年司法的立场。与矫正型处遇强调社会关系修复和预防,惩罚型处遇强调惩罚和打击不同,福利型处遇更强调对罪错少年的特殊关怀和复归。检视我国福利型少年司法处遇制度的现状,宏观规划与整体布局初具规模,但存在与成年人司法处遇差别不大、处遇措施种类偏少等局限。基于我国少年司法处遇制度“教育为主,惩罚为辅”,坚持最有利于未成年人等理念和少年司法处遇措施缺少梯度性和互补性的现状,应从未成年人附条件不起诉制度、刑事和解制度、司法救助制度等方面完善我国福利型少年司法处遇制度。The protection idea of guilty and misbehaving juvenile treatment established by the Law on the Protection of Minors Law on the Prevention of Juvenile Delinquency and Criminal Law Amendment(Ⅺ),to some extent,has the position of welfare juvenile justice.Different from the correctional treatment which emphasizes social relationship repair and prevention,and the punitive treatment which emphasizes punishment and strike,the welfare treatment emphasizes the special care and rehabilitation of the juvenile who have committed crimes.Examining the status quo of welfare-based juvenile judicial treatment system in China,the macro planning and overall layout have begun to take shape,but there are limitations such as little difference from the adult judicial treatment and fewer types of treatment measures.Based on the fact that China’s juvenile judicial treatment system“focuses on education being supplemented with punishment”,adheres to the concept of being most beneficial to minors,and the current situation that juvenile judicial treatment measures lack gradient and complementarity,China’s welfare-oriented juvenile justice system should be improved from aspects such as the conditional non-prosecution system for juveniles,criminal reconciliation system,judicial relief system etc.

关 键 词：罪错未成年人 少年司法 最有利于未成年人 福利型处遇 

分 类 号：D922.183[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]