沙尘湍流大气对自由空间量子通信性能影响研究  

Influence of sand and dust turbulent atmosphere on performance of free space quantum communication

作　　者：杨瑞科[1] 李福军 武福平[1] 卢芳[1] 魏兵[1] 周晔 Yang Rui-Ke;Li Fu-Jun;Wu Fu-Ping;Lu Fang;Wei Bing;Zhou Ye(School of Physics,Xidian University,Xi'an 710071,China;Leihua Institute of Electronic Technology,Aviation Industry Corporation of China,Wuxi 214063,China)

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学物理学院,西安710071 [2]中国航空工业集团公司,雷华电子技术研究所,无锡214063

出　　处：《物理学报》2022年第22期22-32,共11页Acta Physica Sinica

基　　金：陕西省自然科学基础研究计划资助项目(项目编号:2021JM-127);高等学校学科创新引智计划资助(111);中国航空工业集团公司雷华电子技术研究所(批准号:2018610103002381)课题资助。

摘　　要：量子通信是当前国内外研究的前沿热点领域,具有理想的信息安全性.为了使干旱和沙漠化地区的量子系统能够几乎全天候的工作,必须开展沙尘湍流大气对自由空间量子信号传输衰减及对通信性能影响的研究.应用米氏散射理论、多重散射模拟方法和大气湍流理论,研究了不同能见度的沙尘湍流大气信道中光波传输的衰减,及多重散射和湍流对衰减的影响,表明随能见度的降低多重散射影响增大,随着距离的增加湍流效应逐渐加强.基于量子幅值阻尼信道模型,分析了不同能见度沙尘湍流大气中的多重散射和湍流对量子信道容量、保真度、误码率的影响.结果表明,随着能见度降低,多重散射效应增强,使衰减和误码率有所减小,而信道容量、保真度和安全密钥率的边界有所增加.沙尘大气中湍流的存在,又会使衰减和误码率增大,而信道容量、保真度和安全密钥率会减小.由此可见,沙尘大气能见度较低时的多重散射和湍流对通信性能的影响不可忽略,在实际应用中应根据能见度和湍流强度自适应地调节量子通信相关参数,以提高量子通信的概率和可靠性.Quantum communication is a frontier hotspot of current research, and it has ideal information security. In order to enable quantum systems in arid and desertified areas to work almost under all-weather condition, it is necessary to study the attenuation of free-space quantum signal transmission and the influence of the turbulence atmosphere carrying sand and dust on communication performance. Using Mie scattering theory, multiple scattering simulation method, and atmospheric turbulence theory, the attenuation of optical wave transmission in sand and dust turbulent atmospheric channels with different visibility, and the influence of multiple scattering and turbulence on attenuation are studied. The results show that the effect of multiple scattering increases with the decrease of visibility, the turbulence effect gradually strengthens with the increase of distance. According to the quantum amplitude damped channel model, the effects of multiple scattering and turbulence in the sand and dust turbulent atmosphere with different visibility on the quantum channel capacity,fidelity and bit error rate are analyzed. The results show that as the visibility decreases, the multiple scattering effect increases, resulting in the decrease of attenuation and bit error rate, but an increase in channel capacity,fidelity and the boundaries of security key rate. The existence of turbulence in the dust atmosphere will increase the attenuation and bit error rate, but reduce the channel capacity, fidelity and security key rate. It can be seen that the influence of multiple scattering and turbulence on the communication performance, when the visibility of the sand and dust atmosphere are both low, cannot be ignored. In practical applications, the relevant parameters of quantum communication should be adaptively adjusted according to the visibility and turbulence intensity to improve the probability, efficiency and reliability of quantum communication.

关 键 词：量子通信 沙尘湍流大气 能见度 多重散射 

分 类 号：TN918[电子电信—通信与信息系统] O413[电子电信—信息与通信工程] P425.55[理学—理论物理]