重庆市南岸区职业危害因素调查与职业健康监护  

Investigation on occupational hazard factors and occupational health monitoring in Nan′an District of Chongqing

作　　者：周吉星 凌润 孙巧 袁玲燕[1] 程淑群[2] 田渝[1] 吴小花[1] 曾德唯[1] ZHOU Jixing;LING Run;SUN Qiao;YUAN Lingyan;CHENG Shuqun;TIAN Yu;WU Xiaohua;ZENG Dewei(Nan′an District Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Chongqing 400000,China;School of Public Health,Chongqing Medical University,Chongqing 400016,China)

机构地区：[1]重庆市南岸区疾病预防控制中心,重庆400000 [2]重庆医科大学公共卫生与管理学院,重庆400016

出　　处：《现代医药卫生》2022年第22期3836-3840,共5页Journal of Modern Medicine & Health

摘　　要：目的了解重庆市南岸区存在的职业病危害因素种类及分布,分析职业健康监护情况并进行职业病危害风险评估,为政府制定职业病防治提供数据支撑和科学依据。方法采用Excel2010软件对2019年南岸区存在的职业病危害因素及职业健康检查资料进行回顾性分析。结果2019年南岸区参与调查企业524家,存在职业病危害因素企业511家,占97.52%;总从业人数31043人,其中接触职业病危害因素10974人,占35.35%,其中存在粉尘危害的企业占81.87%,接害人数占41.28%;存在毒物危害企业占69.08%,接害人数占40.90%;存在物理危害企业占93.51%,接害人数占91.33%。进行职业病健康检查的在岗期间劳动者4983人,占45.41%;职业健康检查指标异常人数98人,其中噪声指标异常94人,占95.92%。开展职业病危害项目申报的企业占26.72%,进行职业病危害项目培训的企业占25.57%。结论噪声、粉尘和苯及苯系物是南岸区需要重点关注的职业病危害因素;职业性噪声聋、尘肺病、矽肺、慢性苯中毒等是重点关注的职业病;制造业和微型企业是重点监控的行业和企业。Objective To understand the types and distribution of occupational disease hazard factors in Nan′an District,Chongqing,analyze the status of occupational health monitoring and carry out occupational disease hazard risk assessment,so as to provide data support and scientific basis for the government to formulate strategies for occupational disease prevention and control.Methods The occupational disease hazard factors and occupational health examination data in Nan′an District in 2019 were retrospectively analyzed by Excel 2010.Results A total of 524 enterprises participated in the survey in Nan′an District in 2019,and there were 511 enterprises with occupational disease hazard factors,accounting for 97.52%.The total number of employees was 31043,of which 10974 were exposed to occupational disease hazard factors,accounting for 35.35%,of which 81.87%were enterprises with dust hazards and 41.28%workers were exposed to it;69.08%were enterprises with toxic hazards and 40.90%workers were exposed to it;93.51%were enterprises with physical hazards and 91.33%workers were exposed to it.There were 4983 on-the-job workers who underwent occupational disease health examination(45.41%),and 98 people with abnormal indicators of occupational health examination,including 94 people with abnormal noise indicators,accounting for 95.92%.26.72%enterprises carried out the declaration of occupational disease hazard projects and 25.57%enterprises carried out the training of occupational disease hazard projects.Conclusion Noise,dust,benzene and benzene series are the occupational disease hazard factors that need to be paid attention to in Nan′an District.Occupational noise-induced deafness,pneumoconiosis,silicosis and chronic benzene poisoning are the occupational diseases that need to be focused on.Manufacturing and microenterprises are the key industries and enterprises that need to be monitored.

关 键 词：职业病危害因素 职业健康监护 风险评估 职业病防治 重庆 

分 类 号：R13[医药卫生—劳动卫生]