中国粮食消费现状、问题与对策建议  

Current Situation,Problems and Countermeasures of Grain Consumption in China

作　　者：王禹[1] 许世卫[1] 王盛威[1] WANG Yu;XU Shi-wei;WANG Sheng-wei(Agricultural Information Institute,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Research Center of Agricultural Monitoring and Early Warning Engineering Technologies of Beijing/Key Open Laboratory of Intelligent Agricultural Early Warning Technologies and Systems,Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Agricultural Information Service Technology,Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs,Beijing 100081,China)

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院农业信息研究所/北京市农业监测预警工程技术研究中心/中国农业科学院智能化农业预警技术与系统重点开放实验室/农业农村部农业信息服务技术重点实验室,北京100081

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2022年第11期29-32,共4页Food and Nutrition in China

基　　金：中国农业科学院农业信息研究所2022年度科技创新工程任务书(项目编号:CAAS-ASTIP-2016-AII);2022年中国农业科学院农业信息研究所公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(项目编号:JBYW-AII-2022-04)。

摘　　要：目的:粮食作为人类生存、社会稳定的基础性和战略性农产品,是实现国家安全的重要保障。中国粮食生产连年丰收的背后,是粮食消费需求的快速增长和消费结构的不断变化。本研究的目的是不断优化中国的粮食消费结构,建立科学、合理、可持续的粮食安全保障体系。方法:从粮食直接消费(口粮消费)、粮食间接消费(饲用消费、工业消费、种子消费和损耗)两方面,采用统计学方法分析了中国粮食消费的现状及变化趋势,梳理了当前及未来一段时间中国粮食消费面临的问题。结果:我国粮食消费缺乏整体布局和权威口径的预测信息发布;在极端情况下,粮食保障的最后一公里面临着诸多挑战,粮食消费环节浪费依然严重。结论:建议应加强粮食消费整体布局,加强粮食消费监测与预测信息发布,加强数字化流通网络建设,继续提高节约粮食的公共意识。[Objective]As a basic and strategic agricultural product for human survival and social stability,grain is an important guarantee for national security.Behind the successive bumper harvests of China’s grain production,it is the rapid growth of grain consumption demand and the continuous change of consumption structure.To continuously optimize China’s grain consumption structure and establish a scientific,reasonable and sustainable food security system.[Method]From the two aspects of direct grain consumption(ration consumption)and indirect grain consumption(feed consumption,industrial consumption,seed consumption and loss),this paper used statistical methods to analyze the current situation and change trend of China’s grain consumption,and combed the problems faced by China’s grain consumption at present and in the future.[Result]The study found that China’s grain consumption lack the overall layout and authoritative forecast information release.In extreme cases,the last mile of food security faces many challenges,and the waste of food consumption is still serious.[Conclusion]Therefore,this paper suggested that we should strengthen the overall layout of grain consumption,strengthen the grain consumption monitoring and the release of prediction information,strengthen the construction of digital circulation network,and continue to improve the public awareness of saving grain.

关 键 词：农业经济 农业生产 农产品消费 农产品价格 农产品贸易 

分 类 号：F326.11[经济管理—产业经济]