打破中资企业“原罪论”的迷思——基于利益相关者视角的跨国企业海外工会实践研究  

Breaking the Myth of the"Original Sin Doctrine"of Chinese Enterprises--Based on a Study of Overseas Trade Unions Practice of Multinational Enterprises from the Perspective of Stakeholdersrs

作　　者：刘凌华 张皓 LIU Linghua;ZHANG Hao(Human Resources Department,Unicom Online Information Technology Co.,Ltd.,Beijing 100176;School of Labor and Human Resources,Renmin University of China,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]联通在线信息科技有限公司人力资源部,北京100176 [2]中国人民大学劳动人事学院,北京100872

出　　处：《中国劳动关系学院学报》2022年第6期80-92,共13页Journal of China University of Labor Relations

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“‘一带一路’国家劳动与雇佣管制研究”(项目编号:17ZDA041)的阶段性研究成果。

摘　　要：跨国企业正在成为我国对外直接投资的重要主体,其海外雇佣关系与工会实践逐渐引起国内外学者的关注。在解释我国跨国企业的具体雇佣关系实践时,学界普遍存在基于路径依赖观点与“中国例外论”得到的中资企业“原罪论”观点,认为资本原产地决定了中国跨国企业在海外的固定管理模式与工会实践。基于利益相关者的产业关系系统视角,本研究对德国大众集团和中国福耀集团在美国的工厂组建工会的案例进行了比较研究,揭示了强调资本原产地的“原罪论”存在的局限性。研究认为,东道国地方制度情境因素和多个利益相关者的复杂博弈与互动过程对跨国企业的海外工会实践具有重要影响。With the gradual deepening of the reform and opening up of the Chinese economy,multinational enterprises are becoming the mainstay of the Chinese capital undertaking foreign direct investment,and their overseas employment relations and trade union practices are gradually attracting the attention of international scholars.In explaining the employment relations practices of Chinese multinational enterprises,an"original sin doctrine"has been widely seen in literature,which is derived from either the"path dependence"view or the"China exceptionalism"view.This doctrine holds that the place of origin of the Chinese overseas capital results in an idiosyncratic model of management with a certain set of employment and trade union practices.Drawing on a stakeholder-based industrial relations perspective,the authors conducted a matched-case comparison between the unionization efforts of a German Volkswagen Group's plant and a China Fuyao Group's factory in the United States,revealing the limitations of the"original sin doctrine"which highlights the role of capital's place of origin.The authors concluded that the local institutional context of the host country and the complex interaction among multiple stakeholders have an important impact over the overseas trade union practices of multinational enterprises.

关 键 词：跨国企业 利益相关者 劳动关系治理 工会 中资企业 

分 类 号：D412.6[政治法律—政治学]