汽车提升竖井火灾烟气蔓延及控制研究  

Study on Smoke Spread and Control of Automobile Lift Shaft Fire

作　　者：冉启兵 张新 倪天晓 彭锦志 金鑫 RAN Qibing;ZHANG Xin;NI Tianxiao;PENG Jinzhi;JIN Xin(China-Union Kerich Fire Science and Technology CO.,Ltd.,Changsha Hunan 410007,China)

机构地区：[1]中联科锐消防科技有限公司,湖南长沙410007

出　　处：《安全》2022年第11期10-16,共7页Safety & Security

基　　金：湖南省自然科学基金项目(2020JJ7037);长沙市雨花区科技计划项目(YHKJ-2020-CZ-17)。

摘　　要：为探究汽车提升竖井火灾烟气蔓延规律及控制方法,通过数值模拟计算方法,研究高度为218m的汽车提升竖井底部火灾时的烟气自由蔓延过程,以及在不同机械排烟模式下的火灾烟气控制效果。结果表明:仅在热浮升力作用下,火灾烟气不能蔓延至汽车提升竖井顶部,最大上升高度为200m,汽车竖井内的火灾烟气需要通过机械排烟方式排出;在按换气次数6次/h计算确定的排烟量条件下,机械排烟系统采用顶部集中式和侧壁分段式均可排出汽车提升竖井内的烟气,其排烟效率分别为93.5%和95.8%,但侧壁分段式排烟的烟气影响范围小,优于顶部集中式排烟。In order to explore the fire smoke spread law and control method of automobile lifting shaft,the free spread process of smoke in the fire at the bottom of automobile lifting shaft with a height of 218m and the fire smoke control effect under different mechanical smoke exhaust modes are studied through numerical simulation calculation method.The results show that the fire smoke can't spread to the top of the automobile lift shaft only under the action of thermal buoyancy.the maximum lifting height is 200m,and the fire smoke in the car lift shaft needs to be discharged by mechanical smoke exhaust.The maximum rise height of fire smoke is 200m.The fire smoke in the automobile shaft.If the air exchange rate is 6 times/h,the mechanical smoke exhaust system adopts the top centralized smoke exhaust system and the side wall segmented smoke exhaust system with the smoke exhaust efficiency of 93.5%and 95.8%respectively.However,the smoke influence range of side wall segmented smoke exhaust is small,which is better than that of top centralized smoke exhaust.

关 键 词：汽车提升竖井 烟气蔓延 排烟模式 排烟量 

分 类 号：X932[环境科学与工程—安全科学] X913.4