2010—2019年云南省农村育龄女性乙型肝炎病毒血清学筛查结果分析  

Serological screening results of hepatitis B virus among women of childbearing age in rural areas of Yunnan province in 2010—2019

作　　者：陈婷婷 王涛 叶峻杰 孙丽娟 杜应雄 陈涓涓 张云 叶汉风 CHEN Ting-ting;WANG Tao;YE Jun-jie;SUN Li-juan;DU Ying-xiong;CHEN Juan-juan;ZHANG Yun;YE Han-feng(Population and Family Planning Research Institute of Yunnan Province,Key Laboratory of Preconception Health in Western China of National Health Commission,Key Laboratory of Fertility Regulation and Minority Birth Health Research of Yunnan Province,Kunming,Yunnan 650021,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省人口和计划生育科学技术研究所,国家卫生健康委西部孕前优生重点实验室,云南省生育调节与少数民族优生重点实验室,云南昆明650021

出　　处：《中国预防医学杂志》2022年第9期652-657,共6页Chinese Preventive Medicine

基　　金：云南省重大科技专项(生物医药)(202002AA100007)。

摘　　要：目的调查2010—2019年云南省农村地区育龄女性乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染血清学筛查结果,为云南省农村防控HBV、探索和实施有效的免疫策略、孕前优生措施提供科学依据。方法对2010—2019年云南省参加国家免费孕前健康检查项目的1510329名农村育龄女性进行HBV血清学筛查研究和影响因素分析。采用SPSS 20.0和R软件进行统计学分析。结果2010—2019年云南省农村地区育龄女性乙肝表面抗原(hepatitis B surface antigen,HBsAg)阳性率为2.71%,乙肝表面抗体(hepatitis B surface antibody,HBsAb)阳性率为21.59%,HBsAg和HBsAb双阴性率为75.83%。HBsAg阳性率、HBsAb阳性率和双阴性率在不同年龄组、民族、文化程度、职业、经济水平、乙肝疫苗接种史之间差异有统计学意义(均P<0.01)。2010—2019年HBsAb阳性率呈上升趋势(Z=-97.007,P<0.01),双阴性率呈下降趋势(Z=92.569,P<0.01)。结论云南省农村育龄女性HBV感染率处于中低流行区,HBsAb保护率较低,大部分育龄期女性属于乙肝易感群体,强调了实施和扩大云南省农村地区育龄女性免疫接种计划的必要性和重要性。文化程度低,贫困等级高、农民群体、流行率高的民族是HBV母婴防控工作的重点对象。Objective To understand the sero-prevalence of HBV infection in women of childbearing age in rural areas of Yunnan province,and to provide a scientific evidence for HBV prevention and control,implementing more effective immunization strategies and for better prenatal care.Methods Serological screening was conducted among 1510329 women of childbearing age from rural areas of Yunnan who participated in the national free prenatal health examination program from 2010 to 2019.The associated factors with HBV infection were also discussed.SPSS 20.0 and R software were used for statistical analysis.Results From 2010 to 2019,the positive rates of hepatitis B surface antigen(HBs Ag)and hepatitis B surface antibody(HBs Ab)in women of childbearing age in rural areas of Yunnan province were 2.71%and 21.59%,respectively.The double negative rate for both HBs Ag and HBs Ab was 75.83%.HBs Ag positive rate,HBs Ab positive rate and the double negative rate varied significantly among women in different age groups and ethnic groups,with different educational level,occupation,financial status and history of hepatitis B vaccination(all P<0.01).From 2010 to 2019,the positive rate of HBs Ab showed an upward trend(Z=-97.007,P<0.01),while the double negative rate showed a downward trend(Z=92.569,P<0.01).Conclusions The overall HBV infection rate among women of childbearing age in rural areas of Yunnan province is at medium to low level,thus the protection rate of HBV antibodies is low.Majority of women of childbearing age are susceptible to hepatitis B,which emphasizes the necessity and importance of implementing and expanding the immunization program among this population,especially those with low educational level,high poverty level and ethnic groups from high prevalence areas.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎病毒 育龄女性 乙型肝炎表面抗原 乙型肝炎表面抗体 

分 类 号：R446.6[医药卫生—诊断学]