农村生活污水治理技术的发展趋势  

Development trend of rural domestic sewage treating technology

作　　者：倪洁 赵晓辉[1] 吴文强[1] 徐东昱[1] 高博[1] 吴雷祥[1] NI Jie;ZHAO Xiao-hui;WU Wen-qiang;XU Dong-yu;GAO Bo;WU Lei-xiang(China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research,Beijing 100038,China)

机构地区：[1]中国水利水电科学研究院,北京100038

出　　处：《环境生态学》2022年第11期97-102,共6页Environmental Ecology

基　　金：国家重点研发计划课题项目(2019YFD1100205)资助。

摘　　要：随着经济快速发展和城乡一体化进程地加快,农村生活污水排放逐年增加,农村生活污水处理技术在国家政策及资金的大力支持下,呈现4方面的发展趋势:(1)基于传统工艺及技术的升级、优化、强化,创新反应器设计,降低运行成本,提升碳氮处理能力;(2)集预处理、二次处理和深度处理为一体的中小型一体化设施已成为农村分散式生活污水的重要技术设施;(3)以资源化、绿色环保为优势的人工湿地技术,成为缺水国家和地区的一种可持续发展技术;(4)生物+生物处理技术、生物+生态处理技术因其经济而又高效的优势被广泛应用。因地制宜选取污水治理技术对农村生活污水进行无害化处理和资源化利用,探索研究低成本、低排放的农村生活污水处理工艺流程,对我国农村环境综合整治工作具有重要意义。With the rapid progress of urban-rural integration,rural domestic sewage discharge has increased year by year.With the strong support of national policies and funds,rural domestic sewage treatment technology shows four development trends:1.Based on the upgrading,optimization and strengthening of traditional processes and technologies,in order to reduce operating costs and improve carbon and nitrogen treatment capacity.2.Innovative reactors and small and medium-sized integrated facilities integrating pretreatment,secondary treatment and advanced treatment are important treatment technical facilities for the treatment of rural decentralized domestic sewage;3.The constructed wetland technology,which is resource-based and green,has become a sustainable technology in water scarce countries and regions;4.Biological+biological treatment technology and biological+ecological treatment technology are widely used because of their economic and efficient advantages.It is of great significance for the comprehensive improvement of rural environment in China to select appropriate sewage treatment technologies according to local conditions to treat rural domestic sewage innocuously and make resource utilization,and to explore and study the low-cost and low discharge rural domestic sewage treatment process.

关 键 词：农村生活污水 治理技术 一体化设施 人工湿地 发展趋势 

分 类 号：X799.3[环境科学与工程—环境工程]