经济精英返乡创业的社会网络研究——以河南省L县为例  

Research on social network of economic elites returning rural areas to run businesses--taking L County,He'nan Province as an example

作　　者：宋允 苏志豪 SONG Yun;SU Zhihao(Department of Social and Ecological Studies,Party School of the Central Committee of CPC(National Academy of Governance),Beijing 100091,China;School of Political Science and Low,Huizhou University,Huizhou 516007,China)

机构地区：[1]中共中央党校(国家行政学院)社会和生态文明教研部,北京100091 [2]惠州学院政法学院,广东惠州516007

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（社会科学版）》2022年第6期83-91,共9页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University:Social Science Edition

基　　金：国家社会科学基金重大项目“实施乡村建设行动研究”(编号1ZDA058)。

摘　　要：在实施乡村振兴战略的大背景下,经济精英拥有独特的资源禀赋,其社会网络资本在创业过程中发挥着重要作用。结合河南省L县15位返乡创业精英案例,以社会网络为切入点剖析这些经济精英返乡后的成功要素。研究表明,经济精英的返乡创业行动受内在基因和外在契机的交织影响。创业初期以非正式网络为主导,直接影响行业选择、原始积累,且在运营模式上的人情倾向明显;在创业中期,正式关系效用逐渐凸显,形成契约关系推动资金积累、品牌打造与技术革新,由依赖传统人情运营模式转向实用为导向的规范经营;在创业后期,规模扩大使其具备政绩效应与社会效应,虹吸正式社会网络与非正式网络,深度融入和扎根于当地,成为乡村振兴的骨干力量。这一过程系经济精英与在地化社会网络、政策的深度互动,实现企业和产业与当地实际的深度融合。推进乡村振兴战略的实现,可从经济精英个体的社会网络与乡土原生的社会网络形成资本互构耦合效应出发,助力返乡创业。In the context of implementing the rural revitalization strategy,economic elites have unique resource endowments,and their social network capital plays an important role in the process of entrepreneurship.Based on the cases of 15 entrepreneurial elites who returned to their hometowns in L County,Henan Province,the paper,using the social network as an entry point,analyzes the success factors of these economic elites after returning to their hometowns.Research shows that the return of eco‐nomic elites to start a business is influenced by the intertwining of internal genes and external opportunities.In the early stage of entrepreneurship,informal networks are the leading factors,which directly affect industry selection and original accumulation,and the human tendency in the operation model is obvious.In the middle stage,the utility of formal relationships is gradually highlighted,and contractual relationships are formed to promote capital accumulation,brand building and technological innovation.The traditional human-feeling operation model has been transformed into a practical-oriented standardized operation.In the later stage,the scale expansion has enabled it to have political performance and social effects,siphoning formal social networks and informal networks,deeply integrating and taking root in the local area,and becoming the backbone of rural revitalization strength.This process is the in-depth interaction between economic elites and localized social networks and policies,and realizes the deep integration of enterprises and industries with local reality.To promote the realization of the rural revitalization strategy,we can start from the capital mutual coupling effect formed by the social network of economic elites and the native social network of the countryside,and help the elites return home to run business.

关 键 词：返乡创业 经济精英 社会网络 乡村振兴 

分 类 号：F323.6[经济管理—产业经济]