不同粒径保水剂对土壤水分特性及干旱胁迫下烟苗生长发育的影响  

Effect of Water Adsorption Polymer Size on Soil Water Retention and Growth of Tobacco Seedlings

作　　者：夏茂林 李洪臣[2] 赵华新[3] 李鹏宇 刘玲玲 关卫东 常剑波[2] 王志军 姬小明[1] XIA Maolin;LI Hongchen;ZHAO Huaxin;LI Pengyu;LIU Lingling;GUAN Weidong;CHANG Jianbo;WANG Zhijun;JI Xiaoming(College of Tobacco Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Sanmenxia Company of Henan Tobacco Corporation,Sanmenxia 472000,China;College of Life Sciences Henan Agricultural University,Zhengzhou 450002,China;Lushi Company of Sanmenxia tobacco company,Sanmenxia 472200,China)

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学烟草学院,郑州450002 [2]河南省烟草公司三门峡市公司,河南三门峡472000 [3]河南农业大学生命科学学院,郑州450002 [4]三门峡烟草公司卢氏县分公司,河南三门峡472200

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2022年第11期14-21,共8页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：河南省烟草公司三门峡市公司项目(2022411200200004x)。

摘　　要：【目的】探索不同粒径保水剂对土壤水分特性及干旱胁迫下烟苗生长发育的影响,为提高烟草抗旱能力提供理论依据。【方法】将不同粒径保水剂(T1:0.3~1.0 mm,T2:1.0~2.5 mm,T3:2.5~4.75 mm)与土壤混合,以不施保水剂为对照(CK),研究不同粒径保水剂对土壤-保水剂混合体系的田间持水率和保水率的影响,并通过盆栽试验研究不同粒径保水剂对干旱胁迫下烟苗生长发育的影响。【结果】2.5~4.75 mm粒径保水剂处理下的土壤-保水剂混合体系的田间持水率最高,较CK提高30.49%;1.0~2.5 mm粒径保水剂处理下的土壤-保水剂混合体系保水能力最强;1.0~2.5 mm粒径保水剂处理有效缓解了干旱胁迫对烟苗的不利影响,促进了烟苗生物量积累,延后了烟苗萎蔫和死亡时间,烟苗叶片总含水率、相对含水率、自由水量较CK分别提高4.93%、24.35%、11.81%;束缚水量、束缚水/自由水较CK分别降低5.25%、16.18%,SOD(超氧化物歧化酶)、POD(过氧化物酶)、CAT(过氧化氢酶)活性和MDA(丙二醛)、可溶性蛋白量较CK分别降低了114.86%、211.93%、67.05%和273.29%、27.73%。【结论】1.0~2.5 mm粒径保水剂处理下的土壤-保水剂混合体系田间持水率较高、保水能力最强,可有效缓解干旱胁迫对烟苗的不利影响。【Objective】Drought is the most common abiotic stress affecting agricultural production in most countries,and alleviating its detrimental effect is critical to safeguarding crop growth.The purpose of this paper is to compare the efficacy of water adsorption polymer in improving soil water retention and growth of tobacco seedlings.【Method】Water adsorption polymer particles with diameter in the range of 0.3~1.0 mm(T1),1.0~2.5 mm(T2),and 2.5~4.75 mm(T3)were mixed with soil thoroughly prior to planning,respectively,with soil not being amended as the control(CK);plants in all treatments were under water stress.The field water capacity,water retention rate,as well as the growth and development of the tobacco seedlings were measured in each treatment.【Result】The field capacity maximized when the particle diameter was in the range of 2.5~4.75 mm,up 30.49%higher than that in the CK.Mixing soil with polymer particles with diameter in the range of 1.0~2.5 mm gave the highest soil water retention capacity.Soil amended by polymer particles with diameter in the range of 1.0~2.5 mm can effectively alleviate drought stress,promoting biomass accumulation in the plant.Soil amendment increased its total water content,relative water content and free water content in tobacco leaves by 4.93%,24.35%and 11.81%,respectively,while reduced bound water,bound technique/free water,and water saturation deficit by 5.25%,16.18%,and 63.51%,respectively.Compared with CK,soil amendment with the polymer also reduced the activities of SOD,POD,CAT,MDA,and soluble protein in the plant by 114.86%,211.93%,67.05%,and 273.29%,27.73%respectively.【Conclusion】Amending the soil with water absorbent polymer particles with diameter in the range of 1.0~2.5 mm is most effective to improve the field capacity and water-retention capacity of the soil,effectively alleviating drought stress to tobacco seedlings.

关 键 词：保水剂 粒径 水分 干旱胁迫 烟苗 

分 类 号：S27[农业科学—农业水土工程]