暗管排水砂滤料对稻田盐碱地水盐运移规律的影响  

Effect of Sand Filter in Subsurface Drain on Water and Salt Movement in Paddy Soil

作　　者：刘嘉斌 田军仓[1,2,3] 张萌 王金鹏 杨振峰 赵广兴 LIU Jiabin;TIAN Juncang;ZHANG Meng;WANG Jinpeng;YANG Zhenfeng;ZHAO Guangxing(School of Civil and Hydraulic Engineering,Ningxia University,Yinchuan 750021,China;Engineering Technology Research Center of Water-saving and Water Resource Regulation in Ningxia,Yinchuan 750021,China;Engineering Research Center for Efficient Utilization of Modern Agricultural Water Resources in Arid Regions,Ministry of Education,Yinchuan 750021,China)

机构地区：[1]宁夏大学土木与水利工程学院,银川750021 [2]宁夏节水灌溉与水资源调控工程技术研究中心,银川750021 [3]旱区现代农业水资源高效利用教育部工程研究中心,银川750021

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2022年第11期114-121,共8页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51869024);宁夏自治区重点研发计划重大项目(2018BBF02022);国家重点研发项目(2021YFD1900600);宁夏高等学校一流学科建设项目(NXYLXK2021A03)。

摘　　要：【目的】通过研究不同砂滤料暗管排水对稻田盐碱地土壤水盐运移规律的影响,探明暗管排水最佳砂滤料,为稻田盐碱地治理提供理论依据。【方法】根据当地暗管排水现状及以往过滤经验,采用对比试验设计,研究细砂粒、细砂粒和细碎石混合(1∶2)、细碎石3种不同砂滤料暗管排水条件下土壤水分、盐分运移规律。【结果】暗管砂滤料采用细砂粒和细碎石(1∶2)混合处理在水稻灌水期可以有效降低0~60 cm土壤体积含水率,提高土壤脱盐率;在水稻停水晒田期可以有效缓解0~60 cm土壤水分流失,抑制土壤返盐。【结论】暗管排水砂滤料选用细砂粒和细碎石(1∶2)混合适宜稻田重度盐碱地治理。【Background and objective】Saline-alkali soils are widely distributed in Ningxia.Because of the scarcity of precipitation,such soils are often reclaimed by flooding rice field combined with subsurface drain.This paper presents the results of an experimental study of water and salt movement in a paddy field as affected by the sand filter in the subsurface drain.【Method】The field experiment was designed based on our current understanding and previous experimental results of the subsurface drains in different regions across the province.The experiment compared three filters:fine sand,mixture of fine sand and fine gravel sand at 1∶2 ratio and fine gravel.In each treatment,we measured spatiotemporal dynamics of soil water and soil salt.【Result】The filter with mixture of fine sand and fine gravel at 1∶2 ratio effectively reduced water content in the top 0~60 cm soil,increasing soil desalination during irrigation period as a result.Decrease in water content in the top 0~60 cm soil reduced evaporation,thereby alleviating salt accumulation in the root zone and reliveing salt stress to the crop.【Conclusion】The most effective filter for the subsurface drain in the studied paddy field is a mixture of fine sand and fine gavel at 1∶2 ratio.

关 键 词：暗管排水 砂滤料 盐碱地 土壤水分 土壤盐分 

分 类 号：S278[农业科学—农业水土工程]