低渗透油藏缓释型表面活性剂纳米载体研究  

Study on slow-release surfactant nanocarriers in low-permeability reservoirs

作　　者：康万利 王康辉[1,2] 李哲 吕伟[3,4] 杨红斌 贾茹雪[1,2] 何瑛琦 Wanli Kang;Kanghui Wang;Zhe Li;Wei Lv;Hongbin Yang;Ruxue Jia;Yingqi He(Key Laboratory of Unconventional Oil&Gas Developmen(t China University of Petroleum(East China)),Ministry of Education,Qingdao,Shandong 266580,China;School of Petroleum Engineering,China University of Petroleum(East China),Qingdao,Shandong 266580,China;Oil and Gas Technology Research Institute,Petrochina Changqing Oilfield Company,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710018,China;National Engineering Laboratory for Exploration and Development of Low Permeability Oil and Gas Fields,Xi’an,Shaanxi 710018,China)

机构地区：[1]非常规油气开发教育部重点实验室(中国石油大学(华东)),山东青岛266580 [2]中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院,山东青岛266580 [3]中国石油长庆油田分公司油气工艺研究院,陕西西安710018 [4]低渗透油气田勘探开发国家工程实验室,陕西西安710018

出　　处：《日用化学工业（中英文）》2022年第11期1147-1154,共8页China Surfactant Detergent & Cosmetics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(52130401);山东省自然科学基金(ZR2021ME171);博士后创新人才支持计划(BX20200386)。

摘　　要：为解决低渗透油藏表面活性剂驱吸附严重的问题,以蜂蜡、TX-10和去离子水分别为油相、表面活性剂和水相,采用超声乳化法在高于蜂蜡熔点温度(61℃)下制备纳米乳液,进一步降低温度将TX-10固定在油相内部,得到一种缓释型表面活性剂纳米载体。借助紫外可见分光光度计、粒度分析仪、界面张力仪、接触角测量仪等测定了纳米载体的包裹率以及驱油有关性能。结果表明,随着TX-10质量浓度的增加,纳米载体的平均粒径先减小后增加,在5000 mg/L时粒径最小约105 nm,且对TX-10的包裹率约为90%;在地层温度(65℃)下,纳米载体可降低模拟油/水界面张力至3.24×10^(-2) mN/m,降低表面张力至23.3 mN/m,优于TX-10溶液,并在降低界面张力过程中表现出缓释性;此外,纳米载体可使亲油岩心表面发生润湿反转,与TX-10溶液性能相似,静吸附损失率小于0.1%,较TX-10溶液降低10倍以上;在30和65℃下,纳米载体的洗油效率分别是87.7%和92.3%,较TX-10溶液提高约4%。本研究制备的纳米载体可携带表面活性剂在地层孔隙中运移,与原油接触缓慢释放表面活性剂,在保证表面活性剂自身性能的同时具备抗吸附能力,对于低渗透油藏提高采收率表现出较好的应用前景。To solve the serious adsorption problem of surfactant flooding in lowpermeability reservoir,beeswax,TX-10 and deionized water were used as oil phase,surfactant and water phase to prepare nanoemulsions.The ultrasonic emulsification method at a temperature above the melting point of beeswax(61℃)was applied,and then the temperature was reduced to fix TX-10 inside the oil phase,and thus a slow-release surfactant nanocarrier was obtained.By means of UV-vis spectrophotometer,particle size analyzer,interfacial tensiometer and contact angle analyzer,the encapsulation rate and oil displacement properties of nanocarriers were measured.The results showed that,with the increase of TX-10 mass concentration,the average particle size of the nanocarriers was decreased first and then increased,and the minimum particle size was approximately 105 nm when the concentration was 5000 mg/L,and the encapsulation rate for TX-10 was approximately 90%.At the formation temperature(65℃),the nanocarriers could reduce the interfacial tension between simulated oil and water to 3.24×10^(-2) mN/m and the surface tension to 23.3 mN/m,which was better than the TX-10 solution alone.Moreover,the nanocarriers behaved slow-release in the process of reducing interfacial tension.In addition,the nanocarriers could reverse the wettability of the surface of oleophilic core,which was similar to TX-10 solution.The static adsorption loss rate was less than 0.1%,which was more than ten times lower than that of TX-10 solution.At 30 and 65℃,the oil washing efficiency of the nanocarriers was 87.7%and 92.3%,respectively,which was 4%higher than that of TX-10 solution.The nanocarriers prepared in this study can carry surfactants to migrate in formation pores and release surfactants slowly when in contact with crude oil.The nanocarriers have anti-adsorption ability while ensuring the performance of surfactants,showing a good application prospect for enhanced oil recovery in low-permeability reservoirs.

关 键 词：低渗透油藏 提高采收率 表面活性剂 纳米载体 缓释性 

分 类 号：TQ423[化学工程]