低碳背景下国际石油公司组织架构调整及启示  

Organizational Structural Adjustment of International Oil Companies Against Low-carbon Background and Its Enlightenment

作　　者：王子健[1] 郜峰[1] 何旭鵁[1] 王曦[1] 徐金忠 Wang Zijian;Gao Feng;He Xujiao;Wang Xi;Xu Jinzhong(PetroChina Research Institute of Petroleum Exploration&Development,Beijing 100083,China;China National Oil and Gas Exploration and Development Company Limited,Beijing 100034,China)

机构地区：[1]中国石油勘探开发研究院 [2]中国石油国际勘探开发有限公司

出　　处：《石油科技论坛》2022年第5期33-40,共8页PETROLEUM SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY FORUM

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司科学研究与科技开发项目“国际主要油气公司能源转型与数字化发展关键技术研究”(编号:2021DQ0105-05)。

摘　　要：企业的组织架构调整是其实现战略目标的保障,也是企业取得经营成效及可持续发展的根本动力之一。在全球碳达峰、碳中和背景下,国际石油公司面临内外部压力,加快制定低碳转型目标,形成联合机制,共同制定低碳解决方案。转型策略选择上,欧洲石油公司多为激进型,北美石油公司主要为被动保守型,跟随型主要为资源国国家石油公司。为应对低碳转型,多家国际石油公司调整组织架构,从管理层和业务领域两个层面增设低碳业务部门。以道达尔能源、壳牌、雪佛龙3家国际石油公司为例,分析其组织架构调整方式与特点。梳理我国石油企业组织结构变迁,针对公司以内部变革适应外部形势提出建议:一是加强低碳发展顶层设计,完成从油气为主体的公司向综合性能源公司转变;二是整合“油气+”优势资源,发挥国有企业研发和技术优势;三是加强低碳风险管理,防范化解未来可能的外部环境风险。Organizational structural adjustment of an enterprise is the guarantee for realization of its strategic goals and one of the engines for its business results and sustainable development.Against the background of global carbon peak and carbon neutrality,international oil companies face internal and external pressure and accelerate formulation of the goals for low-carbon transition,establishing the joint mechanism to make low-carbon solutions in common.As for option of the transition strategy,most of the European oil companies are radical while their North American counterparts are passive and conservative.The national oil companies of resources countries act as followers.To highlight the low-carbon transition,a number of international oil companies adjust their organizational structure and establish additional low-carbon business departments at the levels of management and business.Taking TotalEnergies,Shell and Chevron as examples,this paper analyzes the methods and characteristics of their organizational structural adjustment.It also elaborates the changes in the organizational structure of China’s petroleum enterprises and comes up with some suggestions concerning how to adapt the internal transformation with the external situation.First of all,the top-level design of low-carbon development should be enhanced to bring about transition to integrated energy firms from the oil and gas concentrated companies.Secondly,it is necessary to integrate“oil&gas+”superior resources to make full use of the R&D and technological advantages of the State-owned enterprises.Thirdly,low-carbon risks management should be strengthened to prevent and eliminate the risks from the external environment which may take place in the future.

关 键 词：低碳转型 组织架构调整 国际石油公司 碳达峰碳中和 

分 类 号：F426.22[经济管理—产业经济] F416.22