1972年以来日本政治的变革与“普通国家化”  

The Change of Japanese Politics and Japan’s "Normalization" Since 1972

作　　者：李寒梅[1] Li Hanmei

机构地区：[1]北京大学国际关系学院

出　　处：《日本学刊》2022年第4期51-67,161,共18页Japanese Studies

摘　　要：20世纪70年代初,日本成为世界经济大国,基本实现了现代化赶超目标。日本的国家发展开始从现代化赶超模式向后现代发展模式转变,相应地,日本的政治体制也开启了变革转型的进程。90年代以后,冷战结束、全球化迅猛发展、中国崛起及国际政治经济格局剧变,对转型中的日本产生了巨大冲击,也给日本的政治发展不断增添新的变数。随着日本国家发展指导思想转向新保守主义和“普通国家”论,日本政治的变革持续推进,政党结构、权力结构、政官关系、决策体制等诸多方面发生了深刻变化。日本的国家发展方向已显著转向“普通国家化”,战后“保守本流”路线已然终结。In the early 1970 s,Japan became a world economic power and achieved its goal of modernization.Japan’s national development began to change from the modernization catch-up mode to the postmodern mode.Accordingly,Japan’s political system also started the process of transformation.After the 1990 s,the end of the Cold War,the rapid development of globalization,the rise of China and the great changes in the international political and economic pattern had a huge impact on Japan in transition and added new variables to its political development.As the guiding ideology of Japan’s national development turned to neo-conservatism and the "Normal Country" theory,the reform of Japanese politics continued to advance.In addition,profound changes took place in many aspects,such as party structure,power structure,the relationship between government and officials,and decision-making system.Japan’s national development direction has shifted significantly to "normalization of the country",and the post-war "conservative mainstream route" has ended.

关 键 词：新保守主义 普通国家化 保守本流 政党结构 决策体制 

分 类 号：D731.3[政治法律—政治学]