组织因素对在役装置安全仪表系统SIL评估影响  

Influence of Organizational Factors on SIL Evaluation of Safety Instrumented System in In-Service Plants

作　　者：杨志华 朱超 付建民[2] 甄佳 孟晓璇 Yang Zhihua;Zhu Chao;Fu Jianmin;Zhen Jia;Meng Xiaoxuan(National Pipeline Network Group,Eastern Crude Oil Storage and Transportation Co.,Ltd.,Jiangsu,Xuzhou,221000;China University of Petroleum,Centre for Offshore Equipment and Safety Technology,Shandong,Qingdao,266580)

机构地区：[1]国家管网集团东部原油储运有限公司,江苏徐州221000 [2]中国石油大学(华东)海洋油气装备与安全技术研究中心,山东青岛266580

出　　处：《安全、健康和环境》2022年第11期38-46,共9页Safety Health & Environment

摘　　要：IEC61508和IEC61511对安全仪表系统安全完整性等级(SIL)提出了评估方法,但没有考虑组织因素对SIL评估的影响。对影响安全仪表系统的组织因素进行了分类与分析,确定其组织因素影响度。以液氨储罐典型安全仪表系统(SIS)为例,采用危险与可操作性分析(HAZOP)结合保护层分析(Layer of Protection Analysis,LOPA)的方法进行风险分析,确定了安全仪表系统的SIL。基于Reason奶酪模型,提出组织因素影响下的SIL验证模型。研究结果表明:目标兼容性、培训/经验对安全仪表系统影响较大;组织因素对SIL评估的准确性有显著影响,SIL验证模型能够指导组织因素对SIL影响,提高系统的安全性,并能进一步显示哪些组织因素最需要改进。IEC61508 and IEC61511 put forward the SIL evaluation method of safety instrument system,but did not consider the impact of organizational factors on SIL evaluation.This paper classified and analyzed the organizational factors affecting the safety instrument system,and determined the influence degree of organizational factors.Taking the typical SIS of liquid ammonia storage tank as an example,HAZOP combined with LOPA method was applied for risk analysis to determine the SIL of safety instrument system.In addition,considering that there is no available model to connect organizational factors with SIL in the operation stage,a SIL verification model under the influence of organizational factors was proposed based on reason cheese model.The research results showed that the target compatibility and training/experience had a great impact on the safety instrument system.Organizational factors had a significant impact on the accuracy of SIL evaluation.SIL verification model can guide the impact of organizational factors on SIL,improve the safety of the system,and further show which organizational factors need to be improved most.

关 键 词：在役装置 安全仪表系统 安全完整性等级(SIL) 危险与可操作性分析 保护层分析 组织因素 

分 类 号：X937[环境科学与工程—安全科学]