吸声材料布置对报告厅声场的影响  

The influence of the arrangement of sound absorbing materials on the sound field of the lecture hall

作　　者：谢辉[1,2] 周超[3] 刘畅 XIE Hui;ZHOU Chao;LIU Chang(Faculty of Architecture and Urban Planning Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China;Key Laboratory of New Technology for Construction of Cities in Mountain Area,Ministry of Education,Chongqing University,Chongqing 400045,China;China Southwest Architectural Design&Research Institute,Chengdu 610000)

机构地区：[1]重庆大学建筑城规学院,重庆400045 [2]山地城镇建设与新技术教育部重点实验室,重庆400045 [3]中国建筑西南设计研究院有限公司,成都610000

出　　处：《声学技术》2022年第5期691-696,共6页Technical Acoustics

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(52078077)。

摘　　要：目前我国有大量报告厅面临声学改造,而吸声材料的不同布置位置会对室内音质造成较大影响。文章以重庆大学建卒厅为例,对5个声学改造阶段的室内混响时间、声压级、语言传输指数进行了模拟与实测,研究了吸声材料的布放位置对报告厅内声场分布特征及大厅典型声学参数的影响。在该报告厅内,相同吸声材料布放在吊顶的不同区域,模拟的中频混响时间下降值可相差13.8%。在侧墙安装吸声材料后,各接收点声压级衰减的最大差值可达3.2 dB(A),且语言清晰度受混响时间与早期反射声的影响较大。未来报告厅的声学设计应优化吸声材料的布放位置,合理控制声场不均匀度。At present,a large number of lecture halls in China are facing acoustic refurbishment,and the different placement of sound-absorbing materials may have significant impact on indoor sound quality.Taking the Jianzu Hall of Chongqing University as an example,the reverberation time,sound pressure level,and speech transmission index at five stages of this refurbishment project are measured and simulated,and the influences of the arrangement of sound absorbing materials on sound field distribution and typical acoustic parameters of the hall are explored.In the lecture hall,when the same sound-absorbing material is arranged in different areas of the ceiling,the difference of declined value of the simulated reverberation time at middle frequencies is up to 13.8%.After installing the sound-absorbing material on the side wall,the maximum difference in the sound pressure level attenuation at each receiving point could reach up to 3.2 dB(A),and the speech intelligibility is notably affected by the reverberation time and early reflections.The future acoustic design of lecture halls should optimize the positions of the sound-absorbing materials and reasonably control the unevenness of the sound field.

关 键 词：报告厅 声学设计 吸声材料 语言清晰度 

分 类 号：TU112[建筑科学—建筑理论]