不同LED光质对人参种苗叶片生理特性和超微结构的影响  

Effects of Different LED Light Quality on the Physiological Characteristics and Ultrastructure of Ginseng Seedling Leaves

作　　者：方平 杨鹤[1,3] 牛晨 董兴敏 许永华[1,3] 刘志[3] FANG Ping;YANG He;NIU Chen;DONG Xing-min;XU Yong-hua;LIU Zhi(State Local Joint Engineering Research Center of Ginseng Breeding and Application,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China;Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College,Chongqing 404120,China;College of Chinese Medicinal Materials,Jilin Agricultural University,Changchun 130118,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林农业大学人参新品种选育与开发国家地方联合工程研究中心,吉林长春130118 [2]重庆三峡医药高等专科学校,重庆404120 [3]吉林农业大学中药材学院,吉林长春130118

出　　处：《光谱学与光谱分析》2022年第12期3864-3871,共8页Spectroscopy and Spectral Analysis

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31770378);国家重点研发计划项目(2017YFC1702101);吉林省重大科技专项(20200504004YY)资助。

摘　　要：主要针对不同光质对人参种苗叶片生长影响的研究,从而探究人参工厂化育苗的优良光质,为提高种苗质量提供基础依据。试验设置六组处理,分别为白光(W,作为对照)、蓝光(B,450~470 nm)、红光(R,625~655 nm)、绿光(G,510~530 nm)、黄光(Y,585~605 nm)、红蓝光(RB,R/B=4∶1),白光作为对照光源。试验结果表明,不同光质下生长的人参种苗叶片在外观形态、生理特性和细胞结构上都显现明显的差异。在叶面积的生长过程中,红蓝光和白光下的叶面积较大,红光次之,蓝光下最小;在叶绿素含量的分布中,添加蓝光的处理组明显高于对照组,说明蓝光对叶绿素的合成有关键作用,红光下叶绿素含量最低,表明红光不利于叶绿素的合成。蓝光、黄光和白光下叶绿素荧光电子效率较高,而在气孔特性上,绿光、红光和白光的气孔数量较多,单个气孔面积蓝光和红蓝光下较大。通过电镜下叶片超微结构的观察发现,不同光质对叶片的细胞结构产生了明显的影响,主要表现在线粒体和叶绿体的分布以及叶绿体的结构上,其中白光和蓝光照射下的线粒体和叶绿体数量较多,叶绿体片层结构垛叠数上也更紧凑丰富。另外,不同光质下生长的幼苗叶片衰老进程也产生了明显的差异,蓝光、红蓝光照射下衰老速度较快。综上所述,不同光质对于人参种苗叶片生长的影响各不相同,蓝光和红蓝复合光照射具有较多的优良性状和较好的生理参数,因此在应用和实践上还需要根据具体的需求制定相应的光质配比策略,以达到壮苗丰产的目的。The present study is mainly aimed at studying the effect of different light quality on the growth of ginseng seedling leaves,to explore the excellent light quality of ginseng factory seedlings,and provide a basis for improving the quality of ginseng seedlings.The experiment set up six groups of treatments,namely white light(W,as a control),blue light(B,460~480 nm),red light(R,615~635 nm),green light(G,510~530 nm),yellow light(Y,585~605 nm),red and blue(RB,R/B=4∶1),white light as the contrast light source.The study results showed that the leaves of ginseng seedlings grown under different light qualities had obvious changes in appearance,physiological characteristics and cell structure.In the process of leaf area growth,the leaf area under red,blue and white light is larger,next is red light and the smallest under blue light.In the distribution of chlorophyll,the treatment of adding blue light is significantly higher than the control,indicating the Blue light plays a key role in the synthesis of chlorophyll.Moreover,it is the lowest under red light.The electron efficiency of chlorophyll fluorescence is higher under blue,yellow and white light.In terms of stomata characteristics,there is more stomata numbers in green,red and white light,and the area of a single stomata is larger under B and RB light.Through observation of leaf ultrastructure under an electron microscope,it is found that different light qualities significantly impact the cell structure of leaves,mainly in the distribution of mitochondria and chloroplasts and the structure of chloroplasts.White light and blue light have more mitochondria and chloroplasts,and the number of stacks of chloroplast lamella structure is also more compact and rich.In addition,the senescence process of the seedling leaves grown under different light quality also had obvious differences.The B and RB treatment senescence speeds were fast.In summary,different light qualities have different effects on the growth of ginseng seedling leaves,but blue light and red-blue composite l

关 键 词：光质 人参 生理特性 超微结构 

分 类 号：Q632[生物学—生物物理学]