近20年榆林市沙化与荒漠化土地变化及其驱动因素分析  

Evaluation of Sandification and Desertification Dynamics in the Windy and Sandy Area of Yulin over the Past 20 Years

作　　者：高荣[1] 姚巍 石长春[1,3] 高天健 马存平 赵斐 张麦芳 GAO Rong;YAO Wei;SHI Chang-chun;GAO Tian-jian;MA Cun-ping;ZHAO Fei;ZHANG Mai-fang(Shaanxi Academy of Forestry,Xi'an,Shaanxi 710082;Protective Forest Construction Station of Shaanxi Province,Xi'an Shaanxi 710082;Shaanxi Yulin Sandy Sation for Mu Us Sandy Land Ecosytem Research,Xian 710081;College of Forestry,Northwest A&F University,Yangling,Shaanxi 712100)

机构地区：[1]陕西省林业科学院 [2]陕西省防护林建设工作站,西安710082 [3]陕西省防护林建设工作站,西安710081 [4]西北农林科技大学林学院,陕西杨凌712100

出　　处：《陕西林业科技》2022年第5期73-80,共8页Shaanxi Forest Science and Technology

基　　金：陕西榆林毛乌素沙地生态系统定位研究站。

摘　　要：利用榆林市1994-2019年土地荒漠化、沙化监测数据及相关文献,分析研究了榆林土地荒漠化和沙化现状及动态规律,同时从自然和人为因素两方面分析了荒漠化演变原因,预测了荒漠化发展趋势,并提出了土地荒漠化和沙化防治的对策和建议。研究结果表明:(1)榆林荒漠化土地面积占监测区总面积的比例高达86.32%,其中轻度和中度占比最大;监测期内沙化土地面积呈先上升后下降趋势,荒漠化程度出现由极重度和重度向中度和轻度转变。(2)自然和人为因素是榆林荒漠化的双重驱动因素,尤其近20 a,人为因素对荒漠化发展影响巨大。(3)截至2019年,榆林市6.6%沙化土地和23.57%荒漠化土地已完成治理,生态环境明显好转,朝着荒漠化逆转方向发展,但荒漠化治理依然面积大、难度高,应因地制宜选取适合植物种和种植技术、强化监督管理、总结推广先进治理经验、发展沙产业和重视宣传教育等,彻底改变榆林土地荒漠化和沙化现状。Based on the monitoring data of land desertification and sandification in Yulin from 1994 to 2019,together with the relevant literature,the current situation and dynamic development of land desertification and sandification in Yulin were analyzed regarding the causes of desertification evolution in Yulin from both natural and human perspectives.Countermeasures and suggestions for land desertification and sandification control were put forward.The results showed that:1)the proportion of desertification land area in Yulin to the total area of the monitoring area is as high as 86.32%,most of which are moderate and severe.During the monitoring period,the area of desertification land increased first and then decreased,and the degree of desertification shifted from extremely severe and severe desertification to moderate and mild desertification;2)natural and human factors are the dual driving factors of desertification in Yulin.Especially in the past 20 years,human factors have a great impact on the development of desertification;3)by 2019,6.6%of land sandification and 23.57%of land desertification in the region have been treated,the ecological environment has improved significantly,and desertification has been in reversal.However,the task of desertification control in this area is still very heavy.We should make greater efforts in desertification control from the aspects of selecting suitable plant species and planting technology according to local conditions,doing a good job in supervision and management,summarizing and popularizing the management experience of local areas,developing sand industry,strengthening legal construction and paying attention to publicity and education,so as to completely change the current situation of land desertification and sandification in Yulin.

关 键 词：荒漠化 沙化 面积 程度 变化 驱动力 榆林市 

分 类 号：S288[农业科学—农业水土工程]