金沙江下游-三峡梯级水库联合调度技术及实践  

Research and practice on joint dispatch of lower reaches of Jinsha River-Three Gorges cascade reservoirs

作　　者：陈辉[1] 赵云发[1,2] 梁志明 CHEN Hui;ZHAO Yunfa;LIANG Zhiming(China Yangtze Power Co.,Ltd.,Wuhan 430014,China;Hubei Key Laboratory of Intelligent Yangtze and Hydroelectric Science,Yichang 443000,China)

机构地区：[1]中国长江电力股份有限公司,湖北武汉430014 [2]智慧长江与水电科学湖北省重点实验室,湖北宜昌443000

出　　处：《人民长江》2022年第11期203-210,共8页Yangtze River

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2019YFC0409000)。

摘　　要：金沙江下游-三峡梯级水库是治理长江及实施“长江大保护”的关键性工程,也是国家能源战略重要支撑性电源组。梯级水库水力、电力联系紧密,联合调度潜力巨大,如何运用调度好梯级水库契合时代发展需求,也是水资源高效利用技术领域的重大挑战。围绕实现梯级水库综合效益最大化这一目标,详细介绍了由多源水雨情站点融合技术、气象预报技术、流域水文预报技术和梯级水库联合优化调度技术组成的技术支撑体系,在该体系保障下实施了综合考虑防洪保障、航运畅通、生态保护以及水资源利用等多方面因素的金沙江下游-三峡梯级水库联合调度。实践结果表明:2003~2021年,金沙江下游-三峡梯级水库累计拦蓄洪量2280.02亿m^(3),保障了长江流域防洪安全;累计补水3308.84亿m^(3),平均增加三峡水库下游航道水深0.81 m,为长江经济带发展畅通了黄金水道;累计开展各类生态调度试验35次,助力了长江大保护;输送清洁能源29320亿kW·h,减排二氧化碳逾24.39亿t,为双碳目标实现贡献了绿色动能。The Jinsha River-Three Gorges cascade reservoirs play an important role in the‘Great Protection of the Yangtze River’.Meanwhile,they are also a group of important supporting power sources for the national energy strategy.These reservoirs have close hydraulic and electrical relations,which have huge potential for joint dispatching.However,their joint dispatching meets the development theme of the times,and it s also a major challenge in the field of water resources efficient utilization.To maximize comprehensive benefits of the cascade reservoirs,a technical support system for cascade reservoirs joint dispatching is introduced in detail,which is composed of multi-source water and rainfall station fusion technology,meteorological forecast technology,basin hydrological forecast technology and cascade reservoir joint optimal operation technology.Through application of these technologies,the coordinated efforts are made in many aspects such as flood control,unimpeded shipping,water resources utilization,and environmental protection,giving full play to the comprehensive benefits of cascade reservoirs,and achieving remarkable results in the scheduling practice over the years.From 2003 to 2021,the Jinsha River-Three Gorges cascade reservoirs had held 228.002 billion cubic meters of floodwater,which ensured the safety of flood control in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River.The accumulated water supplement was 330.884 billion cubic meters.Meanwhile,the average depth of the downstream channel was increased by 0.81 meter,providing a golden channel for the development of the‘Yangtze River Economic Belt’.What s more,a total of 35 ecological dispatching tests had been carried out to support the protection of the Yangtze River,and 2932 billion kW·h of clean energy had been delivered,resulting in emission reduction of more than 2.439 billion tons of carbon dioxide,which contributed green kinetic energy to the realization of the carbon peaking and carbon neutrality goals.

关 键 词：金沙江下游-三峡梯级水库 水库联合调度 防洪减灾 综合效益 长江流域 

分 类 号：TV697.1[水利工程—水利水电工程]