基于生态足迹改进模型的云南省生态安全研究  

Research on Ecological Security Based on Improved Ecological Footprint Model in Yunnan Province

作　　者：李志英 裴玉力 陈涛 李媛媛 郑文皓 LI Zhiying;PEI Yuli;CHEN Tao;LI Yuanyuan;ZHENG Wenhao(College of Architecture and Urban Planning,Yunnan University,Kunming Yunnan 650091,China)

机构地区：[1]云南大学建筑与规划学院,云南昆明650091

出　　处：《生态经济》2022年第12期191-197,共7页Ecological Economy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目“滇池流域城市空间增长边界研究”(51668065)。

摘　　要：以西南地域重要生态屏障区云南省为探讨对象,基于生态系统服务价值修正生态足迹模型,评价1990—2018年云南省生态环境演变特征和生态安全状况,结果表明:(1)1990—2018年,云南省人均生态足迹与人均生态承载力分别由1.32 hm~2/人和1.43 hm~2/人变成2.11 hm~2/人和1.16 hm~2/人。(2)1990—2018年,云南省人均生态赤字由0.11 hm~2/人变化至-0.95 hm~2/人,生态恶化程度不断加深,空间上呈现由滇中向外的“核心—边缘”分布态势。(3)1990—2018年,云南省生态压力指数从0.93升至1.82,生态安全等级为不安全,生态安全空间分布呈现由滇中向外递增的“核心—边缘”分布态势,生态安全重心也呈“西北—东南”分布,重心向东南方转移20.32 km。为提升云南省生态安全等级,未来应合理开发国土空间,构建生态安全屏障;推动多中心城市结构发展,制定差异化发展战略;坚持低碳化,倡导可持续发展消费理念;增强生态环保与修复,提升生态环境承载力。Taking Yunnan Province,an important ecological barrier area in southwest China,as the discussion object,the ecological footprint model is modified based on the value of ecosystem services.The evolution characteristics of ecological environment and ecological security in Yunnan Province from 1990 to 2018 were evaluated.(1) From 1990 to 2018,the per capita ecological footprint and per capita ecological carrying capacity of Yunnan Province changed from 1.32 hm~2/person and 1.43 hm~2/person to 2.11 hm~2/person and 1.16 hm~2/person respectively.(2) From 1990 to 2018,the per capita ecological deficit of Yunnan Province changed from 0.11 hm~2/person to-0.95 hm~2/person,and the degree of ecological deterioration deepened continuously,showing a “core-edge” distribution trend from central Yunnan to the outside.(3) From 1990 to 2018,the ecological pressure index of Yunnan Province increased from 0.93 to 1.82.The ecological security grade was unsafe.The spatial distribution of ecological security showed a “core-edge” distribution trend increasing from central Yunnan to the outside,the ecological security center of gravity also showed a “northwest-southeast” distribution,and the center of gravity shifted to the southeast with a distance of 20.32 km.In order to improve the ecological security level of Yunnan Province,we should promote the rational development of land and space,build ecological security barriers;promote the development of multi-center urban structure,formulate differentiated development strategies;adhere to low carbon,advocate the concept of sustainable development and consumption;enhance ecological environmental protection and restoration,and enhance the carrying capacity of the ecological environment.

关 键 词：生态安全 生态足迹 生态系统服务价值 高原山地 云南 

分 类 号：X826[环境科学与工程—环境工程] F062.2[经济管理—政治经济学]