东北寒区多年冻土退化的主要研究综述  

A Review of Main Studies on Permafrost Degradation in Northeast China

作　　者：赵丹丹[1,2] 刘家福[1] 刘吉平[1,2] 杜会石[1] ZHAO Dan-dan;LIU Jia-fu;LIU Ji-ping;DU Hui-shi(School of Tourism and Geographical Sciences,Jilin Normal University,Siping 136000,China;Institute of Resource Conservation and Utilization,Jilin Normal University,Siping 136000,China)

机构地区：[1]吉林师范大学旅游与地理科学学院,四平136000 [2]吉林师范大学资源保护与利用研究所,四平136000

出　　处：《科学技术与工程》2022年第30期13151-13161,共11页Science Technology and Engineering

基　　金：吉林省科技厅项目(YDZJ202201ZYTS474);吉林省教育厅项目(JJKH20200415KJ);吉林师范大学博士科启项目(吉师博2019015号);吉林师范大学大学生创业项目(S202110203029);国家自然科学基金(41871022,41977411)。

摘　　要：通过回顾东北多年冻土的研究成果,从多年冻土退化研究方法、退化形式、影响因子及对寒区生态系统和环境的影响等方面,归纳综述了东北地区多年冻土退化的主要研究。目前东北多年冻土受气候变化与人类活动双重影响,出现面积萎缩、冻融深度变化以及南界北移等现象,影响东北寒区生态系统及环境变化,如导致林木倾倒、林带转移、湿地面积萎缩、土壤温室气体排放及生物地球化学循环受到干扰等。今后应重点开展冻土退化对寒区多年冻土-森林-湿地生态系统相互作用的影响研究,加强寒区冻土碳储量、碳迁移以及碳循环对气候变化的响应研究;明确多年冻土退化对区域生态环境的影响,加强构建模型预测及开发新技术探究冻土退化趋势,从多角度多尺度深刻揭示东北寒区多年冻土区冻土退化的机理及趋势,切实考虑环境和社会经济的综合发展,促进东北多年冻土区生态保护与环境安全发展。By reviewing the research progress and main achievements of permafrost in northeast China,it was summarized that the main research progress of permafrost degradation in northeast China from the aspects of research methods,driving factors of permafrost degradation,and the impacts on ecosystem and environment in cold regions.Affected by climate change and human activities,the permafrost area shrunk,the freeze-thaw depth changed,and the southern boundary of permafrost moved northward.Ecosystem and environmental change were affected by permafrost degradation in the cold region of Northeast China,resulting in trees dumping,forest belt transfer,swamp shrinkage,soil greenhouse gas emissions,and biogeochemical cycle interference.In the future,the research on the effects of permafrost degradation on the interaction of comprehensive permafrost-forest-wetland ecosystem should be focused on studying.The response of carbon storage,carbon migration,and carbon cycle to climate change should be strengthened.The impact of permafrost degradation on regional ecological environment needs to be clarified.Modeling prediction and the development of new technologies should be strengthened to explore the trend of permafrost degradation and reveal the mechanism of permafrost degradation from multiple perspectives and scales in northeast China.The comprehensive development of environment and social economy should be taken into consideration to promote ecological protection and environmental safety development in northeast permafrost region.

关 键 词：冻土退化 气候变化 生态系统 东北寒区 

分 类 号：P642.4[天文地球—工程地质学]