云南省不同季节马铃薯晚疫病发生流行及侵染规律  

Epidemics and infection characteristics of potato late blight in different seasons in Yunnan province

作　　者：李亚红[1] 霍超 曹继芬[2] 周叆春 陈莹 张君 王德海[1] 赵志坚[2] LI Ya-hong;HUO Chao;CAO Ji-fen;ZHOU Ai-chun;CHEN Ying;ZHANG Jun;WANG De-hai;ZHAO Zhi-jian(Yunnan Plant Protection and Quarantine Station,Kunming 650200,China;Economic Crops Institute,Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences,Kunming 650205,China;Beijing Huisijunda Science and Technology Company Limited,Beijing 100102,China)

机构地区：[1]云南省植保植检站,昆明650200 [2]云南省农业科学院经济作物研究所,昆明650205 [3]北京汇思君达科技有限公司,北京100102

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2022年第9期2046-2053,共8页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：国家重点研发计划项目(2021YFE0109600,2018YFD020080403);云南省重点研发计划项目(202102AE090019)。

摘　　要：【目的】旨在了解云南省不同季节马铃薯晚疫病发生流行和侵染规律,为提高马铃薯晚疫病预警准确率及病害绿色防控提供科学依据。【方法】收集2014—2019年云南省大春作、秋作及冬作马铃薯产区温度、湿度和降雨量等气象数据,利用晚疫病CARAH预测模型,对云南省不同季节马铃薯晚疫病中心病株出现时间、侵染循环、危害程度和防控策略进行综合分析。【结果】云南省大春马铃薯晚疫病呈现出由滇东北、滇中再向滇西北逐步发病的规律。滇东北大春作马铃薯产区大关、彝良和镇雄等地发病较早,通常4月下旬至5月出现中心病株,每季发生70~130次侵染;滇中和滇西北大春作马铃薯产区6月中下旬出现中心病株,每季发生40~70次侵染;秋作马铃薯产区,一般8月下旬至9月上旬出现中心病株,每季发生25~48次侵染;冬作马铃薯产区,播种后一般翌年1月上中旬出现中心病株,每季发生4~13次侵染。【结论】本研究首次从理论上揭示了云南省不同季节马铃薯晚疫病的发生流行和侵染规律。大春作马铃薯晚疫病侵染程度最重,由滇东北向滇中、滇西及滇西北产区逐渐减弱;不同季节的马铃薯晚疫病侵染程度显示大春>秋作>冬作,大春和秋作马铃薯是云南晚疫病防控的重点;云南省生态类型多样,马铃薯不同产区种植节令各有不同,各季节晚疫病发生流行规律及侵染危害复杂,需结合各地种植的品种抗性,因地制宜地开展马铃薯晚疫病监测预警及科学防控。【Objective】The study aimed to understand epidemics and infection characteristics of potato late blight in different seasons in Yunnan province,in order to provide scientific insights for improving the early warning accuracy and sustainable green prevention and control of late blight.【Method】The meteorological data such as temperature,humidity and rainfall in spring,autumn and winter potato production areas of Yunnan province from 2014 to 2019 were collected,and the late blight CARAH prediction model was used to comprehensive analyze the emergence time,infection cycle,degree of damage and prevention and control strategies.【Result】Potato late blight in the spring production regions showed a gradual incidence pattern from northeastern to central,then northwestern of Yunnan province.The potato late blight disease occurred earlier in the spring production regions,such as Daguan,Yiliang and Zhenxiong in northeastern of Yunnan province,and the initial occurrence time of diseased plants usually appeared from late April to May,with 70-130 times infection per each growth season.However,in middle and northwestern of Yunnan province,the initial occurrence time of diseased plants usually appeared from the middle of June,with 40-70 times infection per each growth season.Moreover,in the autumn potato production regions,the initial occurrence time of diseased plants generally appeared from late August to early September,with 25-48 times infection per each growth season.Furthermore,In winter potato production regions,the initial occurrence time of diseased plants usually appeared from early January to mid-January of the following year after planting,with 4-13 times infection per each growth season.【Conclusion】Our research firstly revealed the epidemics and infection characteristics of potato late blight in different seasons in Yunnan province.The infection degree of potato late blight in spring production regions was the most serious and gradually weakened from northeastern to central,and then to northwestern regi

关 键 词：马铃薯晚疫病 CARAH预测模型 中心病株 侵染流行规律 

分 类 号：S532[农业科学—作物学]